Virtualization

• Process of creating the simulation of virtual machines, OS, storage and network etc.
• Running multiple OS on single physical machine.
• Logically dividing the server into smaller parts for better resource utilization.
• Instead of having one OS per computer, you can run many OSes — like Windows, Linux, etc.

Hypervisor

• Helps in implementing virtualization.
• Simulates entire machines (with full OS).
• It allows multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine by isolating them into separate VMs.

Containerization

• It is a lightweight best suited for microservices.
• Example : Full stack website where backend is stressed you directly scale it without compormising frontend and database 💀.
• It is a VM without OS.
• Hold and wrap all the dependencies that are required to run the application.
• Example : Solves popular issue exact same code is running in my system and not running in yours 🙂.
• Containers share the host OS kernel, so you cannot run a completely different OS.