The latest articles on Forem by Techelopment (@techelopment). https://forem.com/techelopment https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=90,height=90,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto/https:%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fprofile_image%2F2038753%2Fca943bbb-c088-4191-ae5c-bd9d3293dcea.jpg https://forem.com/techelopment en Techelopment Wed, 19 Feb 2025 21:06:05 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/guide-to-postman-and-its-alternatives-hoppscotch-insomnia-and-httpie-16i9 https://forem.com/techelopment/guide-to-postman-and-its-alternatives-hoppscotch-insomnia-and-httpie-16i9 <p>In the world of software development, testing APIs is a critical step to ensure that your applications are working properly. Postman is one of the most widely used tools for this purpose, but there are several equally valid alternatives. </p> <p>In this guide, we’ll explore Postman and three of the main alternatives: Hoppscotch, Insomnia, and HTTPie, highlighting their distinguishing features to help you choose the right tool for your needs.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> What is Postman and What is it for? </h2> <p><strong><a href="https://www.postman.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Postman</a></strong> is an application designed to make API development, testing, and documentation easier. With its intuitive graphical interface, it allows developers to create, send, and analyze HTTP requests without having to write code.</p> <p><strong>With Postman, users can:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Create <strong>HTTP requests</strong> (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.).</li> <li> <strong>Manage collections</strong> of requests to organize tests.</li> <li>Simulate and <strong>test APIs</strong> with variables and environments.</li> <li> <strong>Automate</strong> API tests via JavaScript scripting.</li> <li> <strong>Share</strong> requests and documentation with your team.</li> </ul> <p>Postman offers a free version with basic features and paid plans for advanced features, such as team collaboration, monitoring, and automated testing in the cloud.</p> <h3> Creating your first Collection and Request in Postman </h3> <p>A <strong>Collection</strong> in Postman is an organized set of API requests. Collections allow you to group and manage requests in a structured way, making it easy to share and automate tests.</p> <p>Each Collection can contain multiple requests, environment variables, and scripts to automate your workflow. They are especially useful for development teams working with complex APIs or for those who want to run automated tests.</p> <p><strong>Steps to create a Collection:</strong></p> <p>1-Open Postman and click on the + symbol</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fko9jkmm1xc7cmnppnu47.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fko9jkmm1xc7cmnppnu47.png" alt="new collection" width="647" height="537"></a></p> <p>2-Choose <strong>Blank</strong> as the Collection type<br> 3-Give the Collection a name and a description (optional).</p> <p><strong>Creating the first Request:</strong><br> We are now ready to create our first request to an API within the Collection we just created.</p> <p>1-Click on <strong>Add a request</strong></p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2g71696hr2tkezj8dqdu.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2g71696hr2tkezj8dqdu.png" alt="create request" width="800" height="410"></a></p> <p>2-Select the HTTP method (e.g. GET or POST).<br> 3-Enter the URL of the API you want to test.<br> 4-Add any parameters, headers, or request bodies.<br> 5-Click <strong>Send</strong> to send the request and view the response.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fc0wppfy1pm0ipvsfnjf4.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fc0wppfy1pm0ipvsfnjf4.png" alt="request example" width="800" height="319"></a></p> <p><strong>Testing the outcome of the Request</strong><br> Postman offers an interesting feature to test the outcome of a request. In the "<strong>Scripts</strong>" section you can write test cases using the <strong>Javascript</strong> language. The outcome of the tests will appear in the "<strong>Test Results</strong>" tab of the response.</p> <p>1-Click on the <strong>Scripts</strong> tab<br> 2-Add the test code or use the ready-made snippets in the right side menu.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fqbcypw0qin05wbsvovnc.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fqbcypw0qin05wbsvovnc.png" alt="test script" width="800" height="276"></a></p> <p>3-Click <strong>Send</strong><br> 4-In the <strong>Test Results</strong> tab you will see the test result</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flcal08kqd7pdcfkp6hsq.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flcal08kqd7pdcfkp6hsq.png" alt="test results" width="800" height="373"></a></p> <h2> Alternatives to Postman </h2> <h3> Hoppscotch (<a href="https://hoppscotch.io" rel="noopener noreferrer">hoppscotch.io</a>) </h3> <ul> <li>🌱 Open source: Yes</li> <li>💸 Paid plans: No, completely free</li> <li>🌐 Usage: Online only</li> </ul> <p><strong>Distinctive features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Lightweight and fast, entirely browser-based.</li> <li>Supports GraphQL, WebSocket, MQTT, and Socket.IO, plus REST.</li> <li>No installation required.</li> </ul> <h3> Insomnia (<a href="https://insomnia.rest" rel="noopener noreferrer">insomnia.rest</a>) </h3> <ul> <li>🌱 Open source: Yes (with commercial version)</li> <li>💸 Paid plans: Yes, for advanced features and collaboration</li> <li>💻 Usage: Local, with desktop versions</li> </ul> <p><strong>Distinctive features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Great interface for API management and advanced testing.</li> <li>Support for GraphQL and REST.</li> <li>Tools for mocking APIs and request sharing.</li> </ul> <h3> HTTPie (<a href="https://httpie.io" rel="noopener noreferrer">httpie.io</a>) </h3> <ul> <li>🌱 Open-source: Yes</li> <li>💸 Paid plans: No, completely free</li> <li>🌐 Usage: Local (CLI) and online (cloud)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Distinctive features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Intuitive design and simplified CLI commands.</li> <li>Cloud version for API testing via browser.</li> <li>Focused on usability and readability of API responses.</li> </ul> <h2> Comparison table </h2> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fun7z223t9pk2x6kpt6us.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fun7z223t9pk2x6kpt6us.png" alt="Comparison table" width="800" height="199"></a></p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> postman tooling api testing Techelopment Tue, 18 Feb 2025 17:33:24 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/2-essential-tools-for-graphic-design-31c https://forem.com/techelopment/2-essential-tools-for-graphic-design-31c <p>In recent years, creating quality graphic content has become increasingly accessible thanks to intuitive and powerful online tools such as <strong>Canva</strong> and <strong>Adobe Express</strong>. </p> <p>Both of these tools are designed to make graphic design easier even for those who do not have advanced skills in the sector. Let's look in detail at what they are, their characteristics, potential and uses in different market sectors.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> Canva: Simplicity and Versatility </h2> <p><strong><a href="https://www.canva.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Canva</a></strong> is a cloud-based graphic design platform that allows users to easily create images, presentations, posters, documents, and social media content. Canva's interface stands out for its drag-and-drop functionality, which allows you to drag and drop graphic elements (text, images, icons) directly onto the canvas, without the need for advanced technical knowledge.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2cf42u6mgxppo0nfdvqn.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2cf42u6mgxppo0nfdvqn.png" alt="Canva" width="800" height="394"></a></p> <p><strong>Main features</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>A wide range of predefined templates</strong> for different uses (social media, marketing, documents, etc.).</li> <li> <strong>Intuitive editing tools</strong> for images, texts and shapes.</li> <li> <strong>A library of images, icons, fonts and videos</strong>, some free and some accessible with a premium subscription.</li> <li> <strong>Real-time collaboration</strong> with other users (premium subscription).</li> <li> <strong>Automatic resizing function</strong> to adapt content to different platforms.</li> <li> <strong>Export in different formats</strong>, from web to print.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Potential and uses in various sectors</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Marketing and Social Media</strong>: creation of posts and stories for Instagram, Facebook and LinkedIn, advertising banners and infographics.</li> <li> <strong>Education and Training</strong>: interactive presentations, teaching cards, educational infographics.</li> <li> <strong>E-commerce and Retail</strong>: creation of catalogs, product labels, promotional flyers.</li> <li> <strong>Business and Corporate Sector</strong>: company reports, brochures, personalized business cards.</li> <li> <strong>Events and Entertainment</strong>: digital invitations, event posters, advertising posters.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Usage Plans💲and AI Support 🤖</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Free Plan</strong>: Includes access to basic templates, editing tools, and essential graphic effects. No team collaboration options available.</li> <li> <strong>Pro Plan (paid)</strong>: Offers access to a premium library, advanced tools like auto-resize and background removal. Team collaboration.</li> <li> <strong>Enterprise/Team Plan</strong>: Designed for businesses, with advanced team management and data security.</li> <li> <strong>AI Support</strong>: Canva offers AI-powered tools, like the automatic design generator and intelligent suggestions available in the Pro and Enterprise plans.</li> </ul> <h2> Adobe Express: Creativity with Advanced Features </h2> <p><strong><a href="https://www.adobe.com/express/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Adobe Express</a></strong> (formerly Adobe Spark) is an online and mobile application from Adobe that allows you to create visual content quickly and easily. It offers tools very similar to Canva for images and videos, with options perfect for professionals and digital content creators.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fxx9f4s0sut4pgv9zx836.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fxx9f4s0sut4pgv9zx836.png" alt="Adobe Express" width="800" height="392"></a></p> <p><strong>Key Features</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Integration with the Adobe</strong> suite and access to <strong>Adobe Stock</strong> for images and graphic assets.</li> <li> <strong>Advanced photo editing tools</strong>, including background removal and custom filters.</li> <li>Essential <strong>video editing</strong> features and creation of animated graphics.</li> <li> <strong>Professional templates</strong> suitable for different design needs.</li> <li>Ability to <strong>create multimedia content</strong> such as stories for social media and landing pages.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Potential and uses in various sectors</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Marketing and Social Media</strong>: promotional videos, animated stories, reels and eye-catching graphics for social media.</li> <li> <strong>Education and Training</strong>: video tutorials, animated stories to explain complex concepts, interactive projects.</li> <li> <strong>E-commerce and Retail</strong>: promotional videos for products, content for digital advertising campaigns.</li> <li> <strong>Business and Corporate Sector</strong>: company presentation videos, content for internal and external communication.</li> <li> <strong>Events and Entertainment</strong>: video teasers, animated visual content for event promotion.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Usage plans and AI support</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Free Plan</strong>: includes basic tools for content creation, free templates and limited editing capacity. A handy feature is “Show only” that allows you to quickly filter for Free or Premium content.</li> <li> <strong>Premium Plan (paid)</strong>: Offers access to advanced editing tools, a larger asset library, and background removal.</li> <li> <strong>Enterprise/Team Plan</strong>: Designed for business teams, with advanced collaboration features and data security.</li> <li> <strong>AI Support</strong>: Adobe Express integrates Adobe Sensei AI for automatic image enhancements, intelligent design suggestions, and advanced editing, available in the Premium and Enterprise plans.</li> </ul> <h3> The importance of shortcuts </h3> <p>Adobe Express offers an interesting <strong>set of "<em>shortcut links</em>"</strong> to guide the user straight to the functionality of interest.</p> <p>By accessing the site <a href="https://www.adobe.com/express/" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://www.adobe.com/express/</a> you have a menu with a series of direct links to minimal pages dedicated to the single chosen functionality. This allows you to focus on the activity to be performed without the need to access the actual tool.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F5usl9i2kgtu7q4hdtvaf.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F5usl9i2kgtu7q4hdtvaf.png" alt="Adobe Express - Shortcut links" width="800" height="261"></a></p> <p>For example, choosing "<strong>Remove Background</strong>" will open a page dedicated to the background removal process: from uploading the image to saving or editing the result obtained.</p> <p><em>1-Uploading the image:</em></p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fszrzfh391w1ed9g567sz.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fszrzfh391w1ed9g567sz.png" alt="Shortcut links - Remove background" width="800" height="346"></a></p> <p><em>2-Saving or editing options:</em></p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fmy5ar8vgssdtdc8zejnu.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fmy5ar8vgssdtdc8zejnu.png" alt="Remove background options" width="800" height="416"></a></p> <h2> Key Differences Between Canva and Adobe Express </h2> <ul> <li> <strong>Approach to usability</strong>: Canva is more intuitive and immediate, perfect for those who have no experience in design. Adobe Express, while being user-friendly, offers more advanced and flexible tools. Furthermore, thanks to its "shortcut links" it significantly speeds up work.</li> <li> <strong>Image and video editing</strong>: Adobe Express has more advanced editing features, especially for photo editing and the creation of multimedia content. Canva is more focused on static graphics and ease of use.</li> <li> <strong>AI and automation</strong>: Both integrate artificial intelligence tools, but Adobe Express uses Adobe Sensei for more precise and automatic editing.</li> <li> <strong>Integration with other tools</strong>: Adobe Express integrates better with other software in the Adobe suite (Photoshop, Illustrator), while Canva is more independent and versatile for those who do not use professional design tools.</li> </ul> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> beginners design tooling graphic Techelopment Mon, 17 Feb 2025 19:04:42 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/free-and-open-source-graphics-editing-tools-2mg6 https://forem.com/techelopment/free-and-open-source-graphics-editing-tools-2mg6 <p>For those looking for a free and open-source alternative to the most popular graphics editing software such as Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom, there are several valid solutions. In this article we will explore four tools, divided into those that can be used directly online and those that need to be installed locally.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> 1. Online Editing Tools </h2> <h3> Pixlr - Simple Alternative to Adobe Photoshop </h3> <p><a href="https://pixlr.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pixlr</a> is an online graphics editor that is a simple and intuitive solution to Adobe Photoshop. It offers a Photoshop-like interface, with layers, selection tools, filters and brushes.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fgkw4eajrfn15jmo6hzbm.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fgkw4eajrfn15jmo6hzbm.png" alt="Pixlr" width="800" height="449"></a></p> <p><strong>Key Features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Browser-based, no installation required</li> <li>Support for layers and masks</li> <li>Advanced retouching and correction tools</li> <li>Compatibility with PSD, PNG and JPEG files</li> </ul> <p>Pixlr is ideal for those who need quick edits without having to download heavy software.</p> <h3> Photopea - Advanced Alternative to Adobe Photoshop </h3> <p><a href="https://www.photopea.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Photopea</a> is another online editor, more advanced than Pixlr, which is even closer to Photoshop in terms of functionality. It supports professional formats such as PSD, XCF (GIMP) and Sketch.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ffv8f5ekdoqr1qrp91yj5.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ffv8f5ekdoqr1qrp91yj5.png" alt="Photopea" width="800" height="453"></a></p> <p><strong>Key Features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Photoshop-like interface</li> <li>Advanced support for layers, masks, filters and smart objects</li> <li>Compatibility with PSD, AI, XD and Sketch files</li> <li>Works completely in the browser without the need for installation</li> </ul> <p>Photopea is perfect for professionals and advanced users looking for a free and powerful alternative to Photoshop.</p> <h2> 2. Editing Tools to Install Locally </h2> <h3> GIMP - Local Alternative to Adobe Photoshop </h3> <p><a href="https://www.gimp.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer">GIMP</a> (GNU Image Manipulation Program) is one of the most popular and widely used graphics editing software as an alternative to Photoshop. It is open-source and offers advanced tools for image manipulation.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fcqbesr6e2xgz59w89euu.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fcqbesr6e2xgz59w89euu.png" alt="GIMP" width="800" height="487"></a></p> <p><strong>Key Features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Full support for layers and masks</li> <li>A wide range of drawing, selection and retouching tools</li> <li>Support for plugins and extensions</li> <li>Compatibility with PSD, PNG, JPEG and many other formats</li> </ul> <p>GIMP is ideal for those looking for a powerful and customizable software for professional graphics editing.</p> <h3> Darktable - Local Alternative to Adobe Lightroom </h3> <p><a href="https://www.darktable.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Darktable</a> is an open-source software for managing and editing RAW photos, positioning itself as a great alternative to Adobe Lightroom.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fu04l57nev1d1nwzd4tbm.jpg" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fu04l57nev1d1nwzd4tbm.jpg" alt="Darktable" width="800" height="500"></a></p> <p><strong>Key Features:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Non-destructive editing</li> <li>Advanced color correction and RAW image processing tools</li> <li>Support for professional photography workflow</li> <li>Compatibility with multiple RAW file formats</li> </ul> <p>Darktable is the ideal choice for photographers who want a professional and free solution for photo post-production.</p> <h2> 3. Comparative table </h2> <p>Below is a summary of the main features of each tool for an immediate comparison:</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F9l2p42c9hbb2rq0h6pui.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F9l2p42c9hbb2rq0h6pui.png" alt="Comparative table" width="800" height="243"></a></p> <p><strong>Rating scale:</strong></p> <ul> <li>⭐⭐⭐⭐ (Easy) → Ideal for beginners</li> <li>⭐⭐⭐ (Medium) → Requires some experience</li> <li>⭐⭐ (Hard) → Suitable for advanced users</li> </ul> <p>With these tools, anyone can access free and open-source graphics editing software, whether for quick online edits or professional work on the desktop.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> tooling opensource free editing Techelopment Sun, 16 Feb 2025 18:22:15 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/the-power-of-the-tag-in-html-2297 https://forem.com/techelopment/the-power-of-the-tag-in-html-2297 <p>The <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> tag in HTML is a powerful feature that allows you to create reusable HTML structures without immediately bloating the DOM. This makes it especially useful for dynamically generating repetitive content, such as a Facebook-style news feed or table rows.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> What is the <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> tag? </h2> <p>The <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> tag defines a piece of HTML code that is not immediately rendered on the page. The content of the <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> <strong>remains in the DOM but is not displayed</strong> until it is cloned and dynamically inserted into the page using JavaScript.</p> <p>Advantages of using <code>&lt;template&gt;</code>:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Optimized performance</strong>: Elements defined in the template are not immediately loaded into the DOM, reducing the initial load of the page.</li> <li> <strong>Reusable code</strong>: Allows you to write HTML once and use it dynamically to generate new elements.</li> <li> <strong>Increased maintainability</strong>: By separating the structure from the insertion logic, the code becomes clearer and more modular.</li> </ul> <p>Let's see some examples of use.</p> <h2> Dynamically Generating a News List </h2> <p>Let's imagine we want to create a news feed similar to a Facebook wall. Here's how <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> can help us:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight html"><code><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;html</span> <span class="na">lang=</span><span class="s">"en"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">charset=</span><span class="s">"UTF-8"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"viewport"</span> <span class="na">content=</span><span class="s">"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;title&gt;</span>News Feed with Template<span class="nt">&lt;/title&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;h2&gt;</span>Latest News<span class="nt">&lt;/h2&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"news-container"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;template</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"news-template"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"news-item"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;h3</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"content"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/template&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;script&gt;</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">newsData</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">New feature released!</span><span class="dl">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="na">content</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">Discover all the latest updates on our platform.</span><span class="dl">"</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">Special event tomorrow</span><span class="dl">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="na">content</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">Don't miss the live-streamed event!</span><span class="dl">"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">];</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">template</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">news-template</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">container</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">news-container</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">newsData</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">forEach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">news</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">clone</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">template</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">content</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">cloneNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">.title</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">news</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">.content</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">news</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">content</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">appendChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">});</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/script&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/html&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p><strong>How it works:</strong></p> <ul> <li>We define a <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> containing the markup for a single news item.</li> <li>We create a <code>newsData</code> array with titles and contents.</li> <li>We use JavaScript to clone the template and dynamically populate it with data.</li> <li>We append each element to the <code>#news-container</code>.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Here is the result:</strong><br> <iframe height="600" src="https://codepen.io/Techelopment/embed/MYWaWMN?height=600&amp;default-tab=result&amp;embed-version=2"> </iframe> </p> <h2> Dynamic Table Row Generation </h2> <p>Another common scenario is dynamic table row generation, for example to display user data from a database.<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight html"><code><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;html</span> <span class="na">lang=</span><span class="s">"en"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">charset=</span><span class="s">"UTF-8"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"viewport"</span> <span class="na">content=</span><span class="s">"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;title&gt;</span>Table with Template<span class="nt">&lt;/title&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;h2&gt;</span>User List<span class="nt">&lt;/h2&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;table</span> <span class="na">cellspacing=</span><span class="s">"0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;thead&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;tr&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;th&gt;</span>Name<span class="nt">&lt;/th&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;th&gt;</span>Age<span class="nt">&lt;/th&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/tr&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/thead&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;tbody</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"user-table"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/tbody&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/table&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;template</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"row-template"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;tr&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;td</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/td&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;td</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"age"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/td&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/tr&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/template&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;script&gt;</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">users</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">John Doe</span><span class="dl">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="na">age</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">30</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="dl">"</span><span class="s2">Jane Smith</span><span class="dl">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="na">age</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">25</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">];</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">template</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">row-template</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">tableBody</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">user-table</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">users</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">forEach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">clone</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">template</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">content</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">cloneNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">.name</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">name</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">.age</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">textContent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">age</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nx">tableBody</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">appendChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">clone</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">});</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/script&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/html&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p><strong>How it works:</strong></p> <ul> <li>We create an HTML table with an empty <code>&lt;tbody&gt;</code>.</li> <li>We define a <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> for the rows of the table.</li> <li>Using JavaScript, we clone and populate the template with user data, then add it to the table.</li> </ul> <p><strong>This is the result:</strong><br> <iframe height="600" src="https://codepen.io/Techelopment/embed/MYWaYYg?height=600&amp;default-tab=result&amp;embed-version=2"> </iframe> </p> <h2> Note: Why use cloneNode(true)? </h2> <p>When we call <code>cloneNode(true)</code>, the <code>true</code> argument is essential because <strong>it ensures that the entire template subtree is cloned</strong>, including all child elements. If we were to use false, only the top-level template element would be copied, leaving its children empty. This is crucial when working with complex templates that contain nested elements.</p> <h2> Why use the <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> tag </h2> <p>The <code>&lt;template&gt;</code> tag in HTML is a powerful tool for dynamically creating content without immediately loading it into the DOM.</p> <p>By using it, we can improve performance and keep the code clean and modular.</p> <p>Whether it's graphical elements (like the news feed seen in the example) or data (like the users table we created), this technique optimizes rendering and efficiently handles dynamic elements.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> <h2> References </h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://codepen.io/Techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment CodePen</a></li> </ul> html webdev template performance Techelopment Sun, 16 Feb 2025 13:42:13 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/invalidate-browser-cache-the-easy-and-smart-way-2abb https://forem.com/techelopment/invalidate-browser-cache-the-easy-and-smart-way-2abb <p>Browser caching is a mechanism that allows static files such as CSS, JavaScript, and images to be stored locally on the user's device in order to improve website performance and reduce bandwidth consumption. When a user visits a web page, the browser checks whether it has previously downloaded certain resources and, if they are still valid, loads them from the local cache instead of requesting them from the server again.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> How Caching Works </h2> <p>The browser determines whether to use the cache based on previously received HTTP response headers. The most important of these are:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Cache-Control</strong>: Specifies caching rules, for example <code>max-age=3600</code> indicates that the resource can be reused for one hour (3600 seconds).</li> <li> <strong>ETag</strong>: A unique identifier that changes when the resource is modified. The browser can send an <code>If-None-Match</code> to the server to check if the file has been updated.</li> <li> <strong>Last-Modified</strong>: Indicates when the file was last modified. The browser can send an <code>If-Modified-Since</code> and get a <code>304 Not Modified</code> response code if the file is still valid.</li> </ul> <p>If the resource is already in the cache and the headers indicate that it can be reused, the browser loads it locally without making a new request.<br> For example, if an HTML page references a CSS file:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>The browser could store <code>style.css</code> and reuse it for subsequent visits without having to download it each time.</p> <h2> Resource Update Problem </h2> <p>Although caching improves loading speed, it can create problems when updating static resources. If a CSS or JavaScript file is modified, users may continue to see the previous version because the browser is still using the cached one.</p> <p>In fact, most of the time the response headers (<code>Cache-Control</code>, <code>ETag</code>, <code>Last-Modified</code> described above) are set to cache resources for a very long time or even indefinitely. This behavior, while useful to reduce the number of requests to the server, may not match the needs of updating resources, especially in case of urgent bugfixing or release of new features that must be made available to users immediately.</p> <h2> Solution: Add a Timestamp in the Query String </h2> <p>A common way to force the browser to download an updated version of a resource is to add a parameter to the URL query string, such as a timestamp that changes with each update.<br> For example, instead of:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>you can use:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css?t=1739708130"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>This way, when you want to update the styles.css file, you just need to change the timestamp value:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css?t=1739710000"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>Since the URL changes, the browser will not use the previous version from the cache but will download the new one.<br> It is important to note that the timestamp is just a value used to ensure a unique parameter in the URL and is not necessarily linked to the actual date of update of the resource. We could use any other parameter in query string, such as:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css?x=value1"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>and subsequently:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight css"><code><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="nt">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="nt">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">"styles.css?x=value2"</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>The important thing is to make sure that the chosen value has not been used in the past, otherwise the browser may still have the cached copy of the resource associated with the old value and not download the new version (this is why using timestamp is safer).</p> <h3> Implementation in JavaScript and PHP </h3> <p>If you want to automate this process, you can generate the parameter dynamically. In PHP, you could do this:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight php"><code><span class="nt">&lt;link</span> <span class="na">rel=</span><span class="s">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"styles.css?t=</span><span class="cp">&lt;?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>Or based on the last modification of the file:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight php"><code><span class="nt">&lt;link</span> <span class="na">rel=</span><span class="s">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"styles.css?t=</span><span class="cp">&lt;?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nb">filemtime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'styles.css'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <p>In JavaScript, you might do something like this:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight javascript"><code><span class="kd">const</span> <span class="nx">cssFile</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">styles.css?t=</span><span class="dl">'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nc">Date</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nf">getTime</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">&lt;link rel="stylesheet" href="</span><span class="dl">'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">cssFile</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="dl">'</span><span class="s1">"&gt;</span><span class="dl">'</span><span class="p">);</span> </code></pre> </div> <blockquote> <p>Using browser caching is essential for improving website performance, but when updating static files, it is important to ensure that users download the latest version. Adding a unique parameter to the URL of static resources is a simple and effective technique to force the browser to get the latest files without compromising the benefits of caching.</p> </blockquote> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> cache browser performance webdev Techelopment Sat, 15 Feb 2025 20:07:01 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/which-front-end-framework-is-the-most-performant-and-lightweight-2hha https://forem.com/techelopment/which-front-end-framework-is-the-most-performant-and-lightweight-2hha <p>In the world of frontend development, choosing the right framework is crucial to optimize performance and ensure a good user experience. In this article, we analyze four of the most popular frameworks/libraries: React, Angular, Vue, and Svelte, comparing them in terms of weight, performance, rendering speed, and ease of learning.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> 1. Svelte: The Leanest and Most Performant </h2> <p>🔹<strong>Initial size</strong>: ~1.6 KB (min+gzip)<br> 🔹<strong>Performance: Excellent</strong>, because it doesn't use a virtual DOM<br> 🔹<strong>Rendering speed</strong>: Very high, thanks to direct compilation to JavaScript<br> 🔹<strong>Learning curve</strong>: Easy<br> 🔹<strong>Ecosystem</strong>: Less mature than React and Angular</p> <p><strong>Svelte</strong> is unique in its approach: instead of executing code in the browser with a runtime, it compiles components to pure JavaScript. This makes it extremely fast and lightweight, avoiding the overhead of a virtual DOM.</p> <h3> When to choose it? </h3> <ul> <li>If you want an ultra-optimized and lightweight app</li> <li>If you are looking for a simpler syntax than React or Angular</li> <li>If you don't need a very large ecosystem</li> </ul> <p>📌 <strong>Benchmark</strong>: According to <a href="https://krausest.github.io/js-framework-benchmark/" rel="noopener noreferrer">JS Framework Benchmark</a> tests, Svelte offers the best performance in terms of <strong>rendering time</strong> and <strong>responsiveness</strong>.</p> <h2> 2. Vue: The Best Balance Between Performance and Ease </h2> <p>🔹<strong>Initial size</strong>: ~16 KB (min+gzip)<br> 🔹<strong>Performance</strong>: Very good, thanks to an optimized virtual DOM<br> 🔹<strong>Rendering Speed</strong>: Faster than React, but slower than Svelte<br> 🔹<strong>Learning Curve</strong>: Easy/Moderate<br> 🔹<strong>Ecosystem</strong>: Mature, with great support</p> <p><strong>Vue</strong> is appreciated for its flexibility and simplicity, with a clear syntax and a gentle learning curve. It uses a reactive and optimized virtual DOM, improving performance compared to React.</p> <h3> When to choose it? </h3> <ul> <li>If you want a framework that is easy to learn, but powerful</li> <li>If you are looking for a good balance between performance and community</li> <li>If you need a framework with support for both small and large applications</li> </ul> <p>📌 <strong>Benchmark</strong>: In the <a href="https://krausest.github.io/js-framework-benchmark/" rel="noopener noreferrer">JS Framework Benchmark</a> tests, Vue shows <strong>very good handling of rendering and DOM operations</strong>, positioning itself between React and Svelte in terms of speed.</p> <h2> 3. React: The Largest Ecosystem </h2> <p>🔹<strong>Initial size</strong>: ~42 KB (min+gzip)<br> 🔹<strong>Performance</strong>: Good, but with higher overhead than Vue and Svelte<br> 🔹<strong>Rendering Speed</strong>: Depends on optimizations (memoization, concurrent mode)<br> 🔹<strong>Learning Curve</strong>: Moderate<br> 🔹<strong>Ecosystem</strong>: The largest, with the most libraries available</p> <p><strong>React</strong> is the most popular frontend library in the world. Based on a virtual DOM, React can be highly performant, but requires manual optimizations such as useMemo and useCallback.</p> <h3> When to choose it? </h3> <ul> <li>If you want maximum compatibility with third-party libraries</li> <li>If you work in a team with other developers</li> <li>If you develop long-term projects with a large community support</li> </ul> <p>📌 <strong>Benchmark</strong>: React is not the fastest among the frameworks tested in <a href="https://krausest.github.io/js-framework-benchmark/" rel="noopener noreferrer">JS Framework Benchmark</a>, but with advanced optimization techniques it can compete well with Vue.</p> <h2> 4. Angular: The Most Complete, but Heavy </h2> <p>🔹<strong>Initial size</strong>: ~75 KB (min+gzip)<br> 🔹<strong>Performance</strong>: Good, but heavier for small projects<br> 🔹<strong>Rendering speed</strong>: Slower than Vue and React<br> 🔹<strong>Learning curve</strong>: High<br> 🔹<strong>Ecosystem</strong>: Large, with many features included</p> <p><strong>Angular</strong> is a complete and structured framework, ideal for large-scale enterprise applications. However, it is heavier and more complex than the others, making it less suitable for small or medium projects.</p> <h3> When to choose it? </h3> <ul> <li>If you work in an enterprise context with large teams</li> <li>If you need a framework with everything included (routing, state management, dependency injection)</li> <li>If you want a solid and scalable architecture</li> </ul> <p>📌 <strong>Benchmark</strong>: In the <a href="https://krausest.github.io/js-framework-benchmark/" rel="noopener noreferrer">JS Framework Benchmark</a> tests, Angular is the slowest of the four frameworks analyzed, mainly due to its structural overhead.</p> <h2> Which Framework to Choose? </h2> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fipn7kfg01e5xyqyxs6ct.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fipn7kfg01e5xyqyxs6ct.png" alt="comparative table" width="800" height="427"></a></p> <h3> 🔥 The choice depends on the project: </h3> <ul> <li>Choose <strong>Svelte</strong> for the best performance and lightness</li> <li>Choose <strong>Vue</strong> if you want a good balance between simplicity and power</li> <li>Choose <strong>React</strong> if you want maximum community support</li> <li>Choose <strong>Angular</strong> for complex enterprise applications</li> </ul> <p>If you want maximum speed and minimalism, <strong>Svelte</strong> is the right choice. For more structured projects, <strong>Vue</strong> or <strong>React</strong> offer an excellent compromise. Finally, <strong>Angular</strong> remains the best for complex enterprise applications. 🚀</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> <h2> References </h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://krausest.github.io/js-framework-benchmark/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official results for js web frameworks benchmark</a></li> </ul> webdev framework javascript performance Techelopment Thu, 13 Feb 2025 14:27:43 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/bitcoin-what-they-are-and-why-they-have-economic-value-56i6 https://forem.com/techelopment/bitcoin-what-they-are-and-why-they-have-economic-value-56i6 <p>In recent years we have often heard about Bitcoin, but for many it remains a somewhat abstract and difficult concept to understand. In this article we will try to explain in a simple way what Bitcoin is and why it has economic value.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> What are Bitcoins? </h2> <p><strong>Bitcoin is a digital currency</strong>, which is a type of money that exists only in electronic form (i.e. bits on an electronic device 😉). Unlike the euro or the dollar, there are no physical Bitcoin notes or coins. It was created in 2009 by an anonymous developer (or group of developers) with the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto.</p> <p>Unlike traditional currencies, Bitcoin is not controlled by a central bank or government. It runs on a technology called blockchain, a public digital ledger that records all transactions in a transparent and secure way.</p> <h2> How does blockchain work? </h2> <p>Blockchain is a sort of large digital ledger where all transactions made with Bitcoin are recorded. Imagine a notebook shared by everyone, where each transaction is written indelibly and visible to anyone. This register is made up of blocks of information linked together in chronological order, hence the name "<strong>blockchain</strong>". Each block contains a set of transactions and once added to the chain it can no longer be modified, thus ensuring security and transparency. Thanks to this technology, no banks or intermediaries are needed to validate transactions, because the verification is done by a network of computers spread across the world.</p> <p>The process of validating transactions occurs through a mechanism called "<strong>proof of work</strong>". The computers in the network, called "<strong>miners</strong>", compete with each other to solve complex mathematical problems. The first to find the solution adds a new block to the blockchain and is rewarded with new Bitcoins. This system guarantees that transactions are authentic and prevents someone from spending the same Bitcoin twice. The decentralization of the network makes the system extremely secure, since to alter a transaction it would be necessary to control more than half of the computing power of the network, a feat practically impossible.</p> <h2> Where are Bitcoins stored? </h2> <p>Bitcoins do not exist physically and are not stored on a central server, but are stored in digital wallets, called "<strong>wallets</strong>". A wallet can be a software installed on a computer or smartphone, or a dedicated hardware device (similar to a pendrive). </p> <p>Each wallet has a private key, a secret sequence of numbers and letters that allows you to access and manage the Bitcoins contained within it. Without this key, the funds become unrecoverable. There are also online wallets managed by third-party services, but these can be less secure than personal ones. The security of Bitcoins therefore depends on protecting your private key and choosing a reliable wallet.</p> <h2> Why do Bitcoins have value? </h2> <p>A common question is: if Bitcoins do not physically exist and are not controlled by a bank, how can they have value? To understand this, we can make a comparison with gold.</p> <p>Gold has value because it is rare, difficult to obtain and universally accepted as a valuable asset. Bitcoin also has these characteristics:</p> <ol> <li> <strong>Limited supply</strong>: There will only be 21 million Bitcoins in total. This makes it similar to gold, which has a limited supply on Earth.</li> <li> <strong>Difficulty to create</strong>: Bitcoins are "mined" through a process that requires a lot of computing power, just like mining gold requires effort and resources.</li> <li> <strong>Growing demand</strong>: More and more people and companies are accepting Bitcoin as a form of payment, increasing its value over time.</li> <li> <strong>Security and decentralization</strong>: No bank or government can manipulate or print more Bitcoins at will, which makes them attractive to those looking for a form of money independent of economic policies.</li> <li> <strong>Utility</strong>: Bitcoin allows you to transfer money around the world quickly and at a lower cost than traditional banks.</li> </ol> <h2> Bitcoin and traditional currencies </h2> <p>Currencies like the euro or the dollar have value because they are accepted by governments and guaranteed by central banks. Their value is linked to the trust that people have in the institutions that issue them.<br> Bitcoin, on the other hand, has value because people decide to use and exchange it. The more people accept it, the more useful it becomes, and therefore the more its value increases. In a way, it is similar to art or collectibles: if many people want to own a famous work, its price goes up.</p> <p>Bitcoin is a new form of digital money that has value thanks to its scarcity, security and growing acceptance by people. Although it may seem complicated, the underlying concept is simple: like gold, Bitcoin is valuable because it is rare, difficult to obtain and useful to those who use it. Over time, its role in the economy could become increasingly important.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> bitcoin beginners learning cryptocurrency Techelopment Sun, 09 Feb 2025 19:04:20 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/creating-diagrams-and-databases-with-online-tools-355i https://forem.com/techelopment/creating-diagrams-and-databases-with-online-tools-355i <p>In the world of software development and system design, creating clear and effective diagrams is essential to visually represent complex concepts. Fortunately, there are intuitive and powerful tools that allow you to create system diagrams, application schematics, software architectures, mockups, mindmaps and much more. Among these, <strong>Draw.io</strong> is a versatile and free platform for creating diagrams of various types, while <strong>ERDPlus</strong> and <strong>DrawSQL</strong> are tools dedicated to database design and schematization.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> Using Draw.io to Create Diagrams </h2> <p>Draw.io (available at <a href="https://drawio.com" rel="noopener noreferrer">drawio.com</a>) is an online and offline tool that lets you create various types of diagrams, including:</p> <ul> <li>System diagrams, to represent the structure of an IT infrastructure.</li> <li>Application diagrams, useful for describing the interaction between software components.</li> <li>Software architectures, to visualize the design and distribution of modules.</li> <li>Mockups, to create prototypes of graphical interfaces.</li> <li>Mindmaps, to organize ideas and concepts in a hierarchical way.</li> </ul> <p>With its drag-and-drop interface, Draw.io lets you create diagrams easily, using libraries of predefined symbols and shapes. It also supports export to various formats, including PNG, SVG and PDF, and can be integrated with cloud services such as Google Drive, OneDrive and GitHub.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fa5ejofoxkdngculsln4p.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fa5ejofoxkdngculsln4p.png" alt="Draw.io" width="800" height="678"></a></p> <p>Draw.io offers several saving options to keep your diagrams safe. The full list is shown below:</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ftk1dw5fvhtfcwxycd687.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ftk1dw5fvhtfcwxycd687.png" alt="Draw.io - Saving" width="617" height="503"></a></p> <h2> Database Design with ERDPlus and DrawSQL </h2> <p>In addition to modeling systems and software architectures, it is essential to be able to design a database in a structured way. For this purpose, there are dedicated tools that simplify the creation of Entity-Relationship (ER) schemas and their conversion into SQL statements.</p> <h3> Creating the Entity-Relationship Schema with ERDPlus </h3> <p><a href="https://erdplus.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">ERDPlus</a> is a web application that allows you to create ER diagrams intuitively. With this tool, you can:</p> <ul> <li>Draw entities, relationships and attributes with a simple graphical interface.</li> <li>Automatically generate the relational schema from the ER diagram.</li> <li>Export the model to different formats for immediate integration into projects.</li> </ul> <h3> ER to SQL Conversion via AI </h3> <p>Once you have created an Entity-Relationship schema, you can convert it directly into SQL using AI tools such as <a href="https://chatgpt.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">ChatGPT</a> or <a href="https://gemini.google.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gemini</a>.</p> <h3> Generating the Relational Schema with DrawSQL </h3> <p>Once you have generated the SQL code, you can convert it into a relational schema (the graphical table model) using <a href="https://drawsql.app/" rel="noopener noreferrer">DrawSQL</a>. This tool offers:</p> <ul> <li>The graphical visualization of tables and relations.</li> <li>The automatic generation of SQL statements for creating the database.</li> <li>Integration with development teams for more effective collaboration.</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fzallyapx7bsqzxbihivm.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fzallyapx7bsqzxbihivm.png" alt="DrawSQL" width="800" height="470"></a></p> <h2> Costs and Available Plans </h2> <p><strong>Draw.io</strong> is <strong>completely free</strong> and available without limitations. <strong>ERDPlus</strong> is also accessible without costs, offering all the features needed to create ER schemas. </p> <p><strong>DrawSQL</strong>, on the other hand, offers a free plan with limited features, which is however sufficient to manage a basic relational schema. For more advanced needs, premium plans are available with additional features.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> tooling diagram database free Techelopment Sun, 09 Feb 2025 14:39:59 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/npm-startthe-server-is-uprunning-4i8b https://forem.com/techelopment/npm-startthe-server-is-uprunning-4i8b <p><strong>With 'npm start' you can quickly and easily create and run a local web server!</strong></p> <p>This tutorial is intended to guide you through the use of the <strong><code>npm start</code></strong> command, showing you how to set up a Node.js project and actually run web applications. We will start by installing <strong>Node.js</strong> and <strong>npm</strong>, then move on to creating a project and configuring your web server startup script.</p> <p>Having a local web server is particularly useful for testing web applications locally before releasing them to the official environment, thus ensuring that they work correctly and without errors.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> 1. Introduction to Node.js and npm </h2> <p><strong>Node.js</strong> is a JavaScript runtime that allows you to run JavaScript code outside of the browser. It is especially used for developing server-side applications.</p> <p>*<em>npm *</em>(Node Package Manager) is the Node.js package manager, used to install and manage libraries and dependencies of JavaScript projects.</p> <p><strong>To use npm, you need to have Node.js installed</strong>, as npm is automatically included with Node.js. Additionally, many packages available on npm are designed to run in a Node.js environment, making its presence essential for the correct functioning of applications.</p> <h2> 2. Install Node.js and npm </h2> <p>To use <code>npm start</code>, you need to have Node.js installed, which automatically includes npm.<br> <strong>Installation steps:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Download Node.js</strong>: Visit the official <a href="https://nodejs.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Node.js</a> website and download the latest stable version for your operating system.</li> <li> <strong>Install Node.js</strong>: Follow the instructions in the installation wizard.</li> <li> <strong>Verify installation</strong>: Open a terminal and type: </li> </ul> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>node -v npm -v </code></pre> </div> <p>These commands will return the installed version of Node.js and npm.</p> <h2> 3. Creating a Node.js project </h2> <p>To run <code>npm start</code>, you need to have a Node.js project with a startup script configured.<br> <strong>Steps to create a new project:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Create a project folder:</strong> </li> </ul> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>mkdir my-project cd my-project </code></pre> </div> <ul> <li> <strong>Initialize a Node.js project:</strong> </li> </ul> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>npm init -y </code></pre> </div> <p>This command generates a package.json file with basic settings.</p> <h2> 4. Start script setup </h2> <p>To start a local server and serve an <code>index.html</code> file, you need to install a package that handles the HTTP server, such as <code>http-server</code>.<br> <strong>Installing http-server:</strong><br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>npm install --save-dev http-server </code></pre> </div> <p>Now, in the <code>package.json</code> file, edit the scripts section:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight json"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"my-project"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"version"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"1.0.0"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"scripts"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"start"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"http-server -p 8080"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"devDependencies"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">"http-server"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"^14.1.1"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></code></pre> </div> <p>This will allow you to start a local server by running <code>npm start</code>.</p> <h2> 5. Creating index.html file </h2> <p>Now let's create a simple index.html file to test the server:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight html"><code><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;html</span> <span class="na">lang=</span><span class="s">"en"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">charset=</span><span class="s">"UTF-8"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"viewport"</span> <span class="na">content=</span><span class="s">"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;title&gt;</span>Test Local Server<span class="nt">&lt;/title&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/head&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;h1&gt;</span>Welcome! This is a local server :)<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/body&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/html&gt;</span> </code></pre> </div> <h2> 6. Run npm start </h2> <p>To start the server and view the web application, open a terminal and make sure you are in the folder where the <code>index.html</code> file is located. Then, run:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>npm start </code></pre> </div> <p>The local server will start on <strong>port 8080</strong>. To access the web application, open a browser and type:</p> <p><strong><a href="http://localhost:8080/" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://localhost:8080/</a></strong></p> <p>If you want to change the port, you can change it in the start script in the <code>package.json</code> file, for example:<br> </p> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>"start": "http-server -p 3000" </code></pre> </div> <p>to run the server on <strong>port 3000</strong>.</p> <h2> npm start...the server is up&amp;running 😍😍😍 </h2> <p>You have now successfully configured a <strong>Node.js</strong> project to serve a web application locally using <strong>npm start</strong> with <strong>http-server</strong>. This approach is especially useful for testing your project before deploying it to a production environment.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> server webdev localhost npm Techelopment Sat, 08 Feb 2025 22:27:56 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/expose-your-localhost-online-using-these-tools-4go3 https://forem.com/techelopment/expose-your-localhost-online-using-these-tools-4go3 <p>If you’ve ever needed to make your local development environment accessible to the Internet, you know how useful a service that lets you expose localhost online can be. In this article, we’ll explore three popular tools for doing this: LocalCan, Tailscale, LocaltoNet.com, and Pinggy, and look at their features, pros, and cons to help you choose the best solution for your needs.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> LocalCan: A macOS Developer Solution </h2> <p><a href="https://www.localcan.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">LocalCan</a> is a tool designed for developers who need to expose their local services on the Internet. It is particularly useful for testing applications in shared development environments or for showing your work to clients and collaborators without the need for complicated configurations. However, contrary to what you might think, LocalCan is not open-source and requires a license to use its full functionality.</p> <p><strong>Advantages of LocalCan:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Easy to use on macOS</strong>: It offers an intuitive interface for Apple users.</li> <li> <strong>Quickly create public URLs</strong>: Useful for sharing your local environment quickly.</li> <li> <strong>Support for local domains</strong>: Allows you to work with custom .local addresses.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Disadvantages of LocalCan:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Only available on macOS</strong>: Does not support Windows or Linux.</li> <li> <strong>Requires a paid license</strong>: There is no completely free option.</li> </ul> <blockquote> <p><strong>Price</strong>: Paid, no free plan.</p> </blockquote> <h2> Tailscale: A VPN for Secure Connection </h2> <p><a href="https://tailscale.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tailscale</a> is a WireGuard-based solution that creates a private VPN to connect devices securely. This tool is ideal for those who need to remotely access their devices without directly exposing the localhost to the Internet. It works by creating a private network between the connected devices, ensuring secure and stable connections. Although it is not specifically designed for exposing local services online, it can be adapted for this purpose through specific configurations.</p> <p><strong>Advantages of Tailscale:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Advanced security</strong>: Uses end-to-end encryption to secure connections.</li> <li> <strong>Ease of use compared to other VPNs</strong>: Integrates with identity providers such as Google, Microsoft, and GitHub.</li> <li> <strong>Perfect for teams and corporate environments</strong>: Allows secure remote access between multiple devices.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Disadvantages of Tailscale:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Not specifically designed to directly expose localhost</strong>.</li> <li> <strong>Requires VPN setup</strong>: Can be complex for those looking for a quick solution.</li> <li> <strong>Free plan</strong> with some limitations.</li> </ul> <blockquote> <p><strong>Price</strong>: Paid, <strong>free plan available</strong> but with limitations.</p> </blockquote> <h2> LocaltoNet.com: The Best Choice for Simplicity and Affordability </h2> <p>If you are looking for the easiest and most immediate way to expose your localhost online, <a href="https://localtonet.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">LocaltoNet.com</a> is the ideal solution. This service offers an intuitive interface that allows you to publish local services on the Internet in a few simple steps, without the need for complex configurations or advanced networking knowledge. It supports various protocols and offers a stable and reliable connection, making it an excellent choice for developers and testers.</p> <p><strong>LocaltoNet.com Pros:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Ease of use</strong>: does not require complex configurations or advanced networking knowledge.</li> <li> <strong>Free plan available</strong>: allows you to get started at no cost.</li> <li> <strong>Support for various protocols</strong>: HTTP, HTTPS, TCP and UDP.</li> <li> <strong>Reliability and stability</strong>: connections are secure and fast.</li> <li> <strong>Suitable for testing and rapid development</strong>: great for those who need to share their local environment with clients or collaborators.</li> </ul> <p><strong>LocaltoNet.com Cons:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>The free plan has limitations</strong>: some advanced features are only available in the paid plans.</li> <li> <strong>Traffic passes through an intermediate server</strong>: like other tunneling services, it routes connections through its infrastructure.</li> </ul> <blockquote> <p><strong>Price</strong>: Paid, <strong>free plan available</strong> but with limitations. The free plan, while limited, allows its users to manage localhost exposure without missing the paid features.</p> </blockquote> <h2> Pinggy: A Lightweight Tunneling Alternative </h2> <p><a href="https://pinggy.io/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pinggy</a> is another tool that lets you easily expose your localhost to the Internet. It is a lightweight solution that integrates well with various development environments and offers a quick way to share applications in development. Unlike other more structured solutions, Pinggy focuses on simplicity and speed of use.</p> <p><strong>Pros of Pinggy:</strong></p> <ul> <li> <strong>Out-of-the-box setup</strong>: Quick start without complex configurations.</li> <li> <strong>Support for multiple protocols</strong>: Compatible with HTTP, HTTPS, and TCP.</li> <li> <strong>Lightweight alternative</strong>: Low resource consumption and easily integrates into any development environment.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Cons of Pinggy:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Fewer advanced features than LocaltoNet.com.</strong></li> <li> <strong>Free plan with limitations</strong>: Some features are only available in paid plans.</li> <li> <strong>Reliability dependent on the service's infrastructure</strong>.</li> </ul> <blockquote> <p><strong>Price</strong>: Paid, <strong>free plan available</strong> but with limitations.</p> </blockquote> <h2> How to choose the right tool for you </h2> <p>If you want advanced control and are comfortable with networking, Tailscale can be a good option for creating a secure private network. If you are looking for a simple and immediate solution to expose your localhost online, <strong>LocaltoNet.com</strong> remains the best choice thanks to its <strong>ease of use and free plan</strong>. However, if you want an even more lightweight and minimal solution, <strong>Pinggy</strong> can be a valid alternative, especially for those who need <strong>fast and no-frills tunneling</strong>. The choice depends on your specific needs and the level of control you want over your development environment.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> <h2> References </h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.localcan.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">LocalCan™ - Local domains and persistent Public URLs</a></li> <li><a href="https://tailscale.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tailscale · Best VPN Service for Secure Networks</a></li> <li><a href="https://localtonet.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Localtonet | Localhost to Internet</a></li> <li><a href="https://pinggy.io/" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pinggy - Simple Localhost Tunnels</a></li> </ul> localhost webdev tooling Techelopment Sat, 08 Feb 2025 14:58:53 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/passwordless-a-password-free-future-but-what-are-the-differences-2kcg https://forem.com/techelopment/passwordless-a-password-free-future-but-what-are-the-differences-2kcg <p><strong>Passwordless</strong> adoption is growing rapidly, driven by the need to improve security and simplify the user experience. However, the term "passwordless" can be interpreted in different ways depending on the context and the technology used. In this article, we will explore the two main categories of passwordless systems and their fundamental differences.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> 1. Passwordless Based on Alternative Authentication </h2> <p>This category includes all those methods that eliminate the need to manually type a password, but still rely on underlying credentials. Some common examples include:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Biometric authentication</strong>: systems such as Touch ID and Face ID allow you to log in to devices and services without entering a password, using fingerprint or facial recognition instead.</li> <li> <strong>One-time codes (OTP)</strong>: received via SMS, email, or authentication app, these temporary codes avoid the direct use of a password.</li> <li> <strong>Magic links</strong>: sent via email and allow one-click access, without requiring a password.</li> <li> <strong>Trusted device authentication</strong>: if a user is already logged in on a trusted device, they can authenticate on another device without typing a password.</li> </ul> <p>In these cases, while the user is not required to type a password, the authentication system may still rely on a stored password or a traditional credential infrastructure.</p> <h2> 2. Passwordless Based on Public Key Cryptography </h2> <p>A real revolution in security comes with passwordless systems that completely eliminate the dependence on traditional passwords, replacing them with authentication mechanisms based on public key cryptography. This method guarantees a higher level of security and reduces the risks associated with credential theft. Some examples include:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Passkey (FIDO2/WebAuthn)</strong>: a system that uses locally generated cryptographic key pairs, where the private key is stored securely on the user's device and the public key is registered on the server. Authentication occurs without transmitting a password.</li> <li> <strong>Hardware key authentication (YubiKey, Titan Key)</strong>: physical devices that generate and store cryptographic keys for secure authentication.</li> <li> <strong>Digital certificates</strong>: used to authenticate users and devices without passwords, via a public key infrastructure (PKI).</li> </ul> <p>These systems completely eliminate the use of passwords and offer much stronger protection against phishing attacks, credential stuffing and other cyber threats.</p> <h3> 2.1 How Public Key Cryptography Works </h3> <p>The cryptographic key-based authentication system uses a mathematical mechanism involving two keys: a public key and a private key (for simplicity you can think of the keys as if they were files with undecipherable text inside). Here's how it works in a simple way:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Key generation</strong>: Upon registration, the user's device creates a pair of cryptographic keys (one public and one private).</li> <li> <strong>Private key</strong>: This remains secret and is stored securely on the user's device. It is never shared with anyone else.</li> <li> <strong>Public key</strong>: As the name suggests, since it is public, it can be sent and registered with the online service (for example, a website or an app).</li> <li> <strong>Authentication</strong>: When the user wants to log in, the service (e.g. the website) sends a cryptographic "challenge" that only the private key can solve. If the device responds correctly, access is granted without the need for a password.</li> </ul> <p>This method ensures that no sensitive credentials are transmitted over the network (the private key remains stored on your device) and prevents malicious people from stealing the keys via phishing attacks or compromised databases (since the databases will only store the public key which alone is useless 🥳).</p> <h3> 2.2 What to Do in the Event of Device Loss </h3> <p>One of the main concerns associated with adopting passwordless systems based on cryptographic keys is the loss of the device on which the access keys are stored. However, there are effective strategies to mitigate this risk:</p> <ul> <li> <strong>Backup of keys</strong>: many passwordless solutions allow you to back up the cryptographic keys on another device or in a secure cloud system.</li> <li> <strong>Authentication on multiple devices</strong>: using multiple registered devices (for example, a smartphone and a laptop) guarantees an alternative access route in the event of the loss of one of them.</li> <li> <strong>Recovery via provider</strong>: some services allow the registration of alternative recovery methods, such as backup physical security keys or secondary authentications via email or verified phone numbers.</li> <li> <strong>Recovery codes</strong>: provided during registration, these codes can be used to restore access in the event of an emergency.</li> </ul> <p>By following these best practices, users can minimize the risk of losing access to their accounts and devices, ensuring a secure and efficient passwordless experience.</p> <h2> So what are the differences that we should not forget? </h2> <p>The distinction between passwordless based on alternative authentication and passwordless based on public key cryptography is essential to understand the real benefits in terms of security. While the first approach improves the user experience by avoiding the insertion of passwords, the second represents a real leap in quality in the protection of digital identities.</p> <p>The adoption of <strong>passwordless systems based on cryptographic keys</strong> eliminates the need to store passwords on external servers of service providers such as Facebook, Amazon, LastPass, 1Password and others. <strong>This drastically reduces the risk of data breaches and credential theft, since there will no longer be centralized password databases to attack</strong>. Users will have full control of their credentials, making authentication more secure and private.</p> <p><strong>The future</strong> of cybersecurity is increasingly moving towards <strong>encryption-based solutions</strong>, ensuring a safer and more efficient digital world.</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> security passwordless cryptography learning Techelopment Thu, 06 Feb 2025 18:08:12 +0000 https://forem.com/techelopment/complete-guide-to-creating-and-managing-a-repository-on-github-58ck https://forem.com/techelopment/complete-guide-to-creating-and-managing-a-repository-on-github-58ck <p>GitHub is one of the most used platforms for source code management and developer collaboration. In this guide, we will see how to create a repository, add collaborators, upload code and make the first commit.</p> <blockquote> <p>🔗 Do you like Techelopment? Check out the <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">site</a> for all the details!</p> </blockquote> <h2> Creating a Repository on GitHub </h2> <ol> <li>Log in to your GitHub account (or register if you don't have one - you can find a guide in the article <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/article?id=github_account" rel="noopener noreferrer">How to Create an Account on GitHub</a>) at GitHub.</li> <li>If this is your first repository, click on the "<strong>Create repository</strong>" button at the top left, otherwise if you have already created a repository, you will find the "<strong>New</strong>" button at the top left.</li> <li>Enter a name for the repository in the "<strong>Repository name</strong>" field.</li> <li>(Optional) Add a description.</li> <li>Choose whether to make the repository Public or Private.</li> <li>(Recommended) Select "<strong>Add a README file</strong>" to include a README file.</li> <li>(Optional) Add a <strong>.gitignore</strong> file and select a license.</li> <li>Click on "<strong>Create repository</strong>".</li> </ol> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fl8mblfcr0zcci5xajtkd.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fl8mblfcr0zcci5xajtkd.png" alt="New repository" width="782" height="887"></a></p> <h2> Adding a Collaborator </h2> <p>If you want to collaborate with other people, you can add a collaborator to the repository:</p> <ol> <li>Go to the repository you created.</li> <li>Click on "<strong>Settings</strong>".</li> <li>In the side menu, go to "<strong>Collaborators</strong>".</li> <li>Click on "<strong>Add people</strong>".</li> <li>Enter the collaborator's username or email.</li> <li>Click on "<strong>Add collaborator</strong>" and confirm.</li> </ol> <p>The collaborator will receive an email to accept the invitation.</p> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flb54goiv11vtkmi5hecf.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flb54goiv11vtkmi5hecf.png" alt="Add collaborator" width="800" height="475"></a></p> <h2> Cloning the Repository Locally </h2> <p>Now that the repository is ready, you can clone it on your computer to work on the code:</p> <ol> <li>First we need to install the git client on the computer, you can download it here <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://git-scm.com/downloads</a> </li> <li>After installing git, you can go back to GitHub and copy the repository URL (you can find it on the main page of the repo, by clicking on <strong>"Code" &gt; HTTPS</strong>).</li> </ol> <p><a href="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F02etha0uhsiajmnxd5ec.png" class="article-body-image-wrapper"><img src="https://media2.dev.to/dynamic/image/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F02etha0uhsiajmnxd5ec.png" alt="Clone" width="402" height="368"></a></p> <ol> <li>Choose a folder where you want to clone the repository (e.g. C:\my_folder), open the terminal or command prompt in this folder and type:</li> <li><code>git clone &lt;url_of_repository</code></li> </ol> <p>If the repository is public you will not be asked for any authentication otherwise you will have to authenticate. Let's see the two cases in detail.</p> <h3> Cloning a public repository </h3> <p>If the repository you are cloning is public then cloning will happen automatically via the git clone command and you will immediately have the newly cloned folder available.</p> <h3> Cloning a private repository </h3> <p>If the repository is private, you must authenticate. There are several options:</p> <p><strong>A. Using HTTPS credentials (Personal Token)</strong><br> GitHub has deprecated the use of passwords for HTTPS, so you need to generate a Personal Access Token (PAT):</p> <ol> <li>Go to <strong>GitHub &gt; Settings &gt; Developer Settings &gt; Personal Access Tokens</strong>.</li> <li>Generate a new token with repo permissions.</li> <li>Use the following command to clone the repository, replacing TOKEN with your token: </li> </ol> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>git clone https://TOKEN@github.com/username/repository.git </code></pre> </div> <p><strong>B. Using SSH (recommended method)</strong><br> If you prefer to authenticate with SSH:</p> <ol> <li>Generate an SSH key on your computer with: </li> </ol> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com" </code></pre> </div> <ol> <li>Add the public key (id_rsa.pub) to your GitHub account in <strong>Settings &gt; SSH and GPG keys</strong>.</li> <li>Clone the repository with: </li> </ol> <div class="highlight js-code-highlight"> <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>git clone git@github.com:username/repository.git </code></pre> </div> <p>Public or private, at this point you will have the local repository on your computer. 😊</p> <h2> Adding and Uploading Code </h2> <p>If you have created new files or modified existing ones, you can add and upload them to the repository:</p> <ol> <li>Add the files to Git tracking:</li> <li><code>git add.</code></li> <li>Create a commit with a descriptive message:</li> <li><code>git commit -m "Changes description"</code></li> <li>Send the commit to the remote repository:</li> <li><code>git push origin main</code></li> </ol> <p>(If you have a branch other than "<em>main</em>", replace with your branch name.)</p> <h2> Follow me #techelopment </h2> <p><strong>Official site: <a href="https://www.techelopment.it/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.techelopment.it</a></strong><br> Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> Dev.to: <a href="https://dev.to/techelopment">Techelopment</a><br> facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a><br> instagram: <a href="https://instagram.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> X: <a href="https://twitter.com/techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">techelopment</a><br> Bluesky: <a href="https://techelopment.bsky.social/" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> telegram: <a href="https://t.me/techelopment_channel" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment_channel</a><br> youtube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@techelopment" rel="noopener noreferrer">@techelopment</a><br> whatsapp: <a href="https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaoJHA1Lo4hkXn1rcn3y" rel="noopener noreferrer">Techelopment</a></p> <h2> References </h2> <p><a href="https://docs.github.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://docs.github.com/</a></p> git github beginners tutorial