Forem: rahul

Types of Software Testing

rahul — Mon, 11 Jul 2022 06:51:58 +0000

In this article, we are going to learn about various types of software testing used on a product or software under development. But, before we proceed its good to have a knowledge about software testing.

What is software testing?

Software testing is the process of evaluating a system with the intent of finding bugs. It is performed to check if the system satisfies its specified requirements.

Source- Software testing

Testing helps in measuring the quality, effectiveness, completeness, functional and non functional activities of a software or a product.

Based on various parameters software testing can be elaborated as:-

Types of testing based on Testing Objectives
- Functional Testing
- Non-Functional Testing
Types of testing based on Test Execution Method
- Manual Testing
- Automated Testing
Types of testing based on Test Design Technique
- Black Box Testing
- White Box Testing
- Grey Box Testing
- Glass Box Testing
- Structure Based Testing
- Specification Based Testing

Levels Of Testing:-

There are four different levels of software testing. The aim of software testing is to make software testing efficient and hep to easily find various test cases or scenarios at different levels.

Unit Testing
Integration Testing
System Testing
Acceptance Testing

All the levels of testing are compulsory to be completed for the the product or software under development to work efficiently.
We have covered almost 100 types of software testing in our article types of testing. Do check this out.
Thanks for reading.:)

References:-

Types of testing almost 100

Software testing types

Top 10 SQL Queries asked in Interviews

rahul — Sat, 21 May 2022 07:54:45 +0000

SQL stands for structured query language. Query is a request for data from database. SQL Queries are asked directly in interview as it tests both your practical as well as theoretical knowledge. In this article we are going to discuss the Top 10 SQL Query questions asked during interviews.
Reference table for SQL questions

QUE-1 Write an SQL query to fetch the different projects available from the EmployeeSalary table.

Ans In reference to the EmployeeSalary table, we can see that the table contains project values corresponding to each employee, or we can say that we will have duplicate project values while selecting Project values from this table.
So, we will use the distinct clause to get the unique values of the Project.

SELECT DISTINCT(Project) FROM EmployeeSalary;

QUE-2 Write an SQL query to display the total salary of each employee adding the Salary with Variable value.

Ans We can use the ‘+’ operator in SQL.
SELECT EmpId, Salary+Variable as TotalSalary FROM EmployeeSalary;

QUE-3 Write an SQL query to create an empty table with the same structure as some other table.

Ans The query that used to create an empty table with same structure as some other table is as

CREATE TABLE NewTable SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary where 1=0;

QUE-4 Write an SQL query to fetch the EmpIds that are present in both the tables – 'EmployeeDetails' and 'EmployeeSalary'.

Ans With the help of sub query
SELECT EmpId FROM EmployeeDetails where EmpId IN (SELECT EmpId FROM EmployeeSalary);

QUE-5 Write an SQL query to fetch the position of a given character(s) in a field.

Ans ‘Instr’ function can be used
SELECT INSTR(FullName, 'Snow') FROM EmployeeDetails;

QUE-6 Write an SQL query to fetch all employee records from EmployeeDetails table who have a salary record in EmployeeSalary table.

Ans With the help of Exists command
SELECT * FROM EmployeeDetails E WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary S WHERE E.EmpId = S.EmpId);

QUE-7 Write an SQL query to remove duplicates from a table without using a temporary table.

Ans We can use delete with alias and inner join. Then check for the equality of all the matching records and them remove the row with higher EmpId.
DELETE E1 FROM EmployeeDetails E1 INNER JOIN EmployeeDetails E2 WHERE E1.EmpId > E2.EmpId AND E1.FullName = E2.FullName AND E1.ManagerId = E2.ManagerId AND E1.DateOfJoining = E2.DateOfJoining AND E1.City = E2.City;

QUE-8 Write an SQL query to fetch duplicate records from EmployeeDetails (without considering the primary key – EmpId).

Ans In order to find duplicate records from the table, we can use GROUP BY on all the fields and then use the HAVING clause to return only those fields whose count is greater than 1 i.e. the rows having duplicate records.
SELECT FullName, ManagerId, DateOfJoining, City, COUNT(*) FROM EmployeeDetails GROUP BY FullName, ManagerId, DateOfJoining, City HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

QUE-9 Write an SQL query to display both the EmpId and ManagerId together.

Ans With the help of CoNCAT command
SELECT CONCAT(EmpId, ManagerId) as NewId FROM EmployeeDetails;

QUE-10 Write an SQL query to fetch common records between two tables.

Ans SQL Server – With the help of INTERSECT operator-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary INTERSECT SELECT * FROM ManagerSalary;

MySQL – As MySQL doesn’t have INTERSECT operator so we can use the sub query-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary WHERE EmpId IN (SELECT EmpId from ManagerSalary);

This the end of article check references for more questions asked in interviews. Thanks for reading.:)
References :
SQL Queries asked in Interview

Learn SQL Queries

JMeter Interview Questions

rahul — Wed, 27 Apr 2022 13:14:14 +0000

JMeter has become very popular in Software Testing. It's a Java application that is built by Apache. JMeter is a protocol analyzer, not a browser.
Let's hop to the preparation for JMeter interview with our comprehensive list of JMeter interview questions. These interview questions are designed for both beginners and professionals.

QUE-1 What is JMeter?
Ans JMeter is an open source Java based application. It can be used to out performance testing of web based application, web services, FTP server, etc. JMeter works on level of protocol it doesn't execute JavaScript present in HTML Webpages.

QUE-2 Does JMeter tool stimulates a real browser?
Ans No, JMeter does not simulate or function like a real browser. It cannot render HTML response like an actual browser.

QUE-3 What is Tidy parsing?
Ans Its a type of parsing used in XPath extractor. In case of pure XML tidy parsing is not required but in case of case of XHTML its mandatory to check tidy parsing.

QUE-4 What is a test plan?
Ans A Test plan in JMeter is a logical container containing all the test elements which constitute the performance test. Some of the different elements in a test plan are – Thread Group, Samplers, Timers, Assertions, etc.

QUE-5 What is a distributed testing?
Ans Distributed Testing means using multiple machines for load testing in which one of the machines can be made master and others can be kept as a slave. All the machines should be on the same network and should have the same version of Java and JMeter.

QUE-6 Explain parameterization in JMeter?
Ans Parameterization is the process of parameterizing the user input or other test inputs. So as to use different values for different users and loop iterations. For instance, an external CSV file can be created with multiple login credentials and then passed to the load test script in order to fetch different credentials for each iteration.
[For more details, refer to the post- Parameterization in JMeter]

QUE-8 Is coding necessary to create script in JMeter?
Ans Creation of script in JMeter is different from normal script creation. Mostly, a script can be created by recording or using JMeter UI. Followed by parameterization of tests, correlation, and configuration of different test parameters.

QUE-9 What are the ways in which Data Parameterization can be done in JMeter?
Ans Data Parametrization is done to make the script reusable where the values are not required to be hardcoded.

QUE-10 What is Workbench?
Ans A Workbench in JMeter is a temporary area of storage for the test elements. It also contains non-test elements like HTTP Proxy Server, which can be configured to record scripts via browser in JMeter. Any element placed in the workbench doesn’t get saved after with the test plan’s JMX script.

References:-
JMeter Interview Questions

Interview Questions

What are top questions asked during a Selenium Interview?

rahul — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 08:45:08 +0000

With the increase in technology and modern websites and applications, rigorous testing is required before making it public. The testing is performed using various tools. One such tool is Selenium. Selenium is an open-source automated tool that is used to test web applications across various cross-browsers and supports a lot of programming languages. Here are the top selenium interview questions for both beginners and experienced professionals.

Que-1 What is an XPath?
Ans- An Xpath is a syntax that is used for defining elements. Its a query language that is used for selecting nodes from XML documents. Also, it is one of the various other locators supported by selenium Webdriver.

Que-2 What are various ways of locating an element in Selenium?
Ans- Locators are used to locating elements in a selenium Webdriver. And there are various ways to locate these elements
Id
XPath
CSS selector
className
tagName
name
linkText
partialLinkText

Que-3 How can we type text in a textbox element using Selenium?
Ans- We can type text in the textbox with the help of sendKeys() method.
WebElement searchTextBox = driver.findElement(By.id("srch"));
searchTextBox.sendKeys("searchTerm");

Que-4 How to switch between multiple windows in Selenium?
Ans- A window handler is a unique identifier that incorporates the address of all windows.
Selenium has two commands to work with multiple windows that are driver.getWindowHandles() and driver.switchTo().window(“{windowHandleName}”)
The get.windowhandle(): helps in getting the window handle of the current window and switch to: helps in switching between the windows
If we pass a particular window handle to the driver.switchTo().window(“{windowHandleName}”) command then we can switch control/focus to that particular window.
for (String windowHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}

Que-5 How can we fetch a text written over an element?
Ans- With the help of the getText() method we can fetch the text over an element.
String text = driver.findElement("elementLocator").getText();

Que-6 What are the various mouse actions that can be performed using Selenium?
Ans- The various mouse events supported in Selenium are-
click(WebElement element)
doubleClick(WebElement element)
contextClick(WebElement element)
mouseDown(WebElement element)
mouseUp(WebElement element)
mouseMove(WebElement element)
mouseMove(WebElement element, long xOffset, long yOffset)

Que-7 How can we capture screenshots using Selenium?
Ans- getScreenshotAs method of the TakesScreenshot interface is used to take the screenshots using selenium
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("D:\testScreenShot.jpg"));

Que-8 How to right-click an element?
Ans- We can right-click an element using the following code snippet
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.id("elementId"));
action.contextClick(element).perform();

Que-9 How to do drag and drop in Selenium?
Ans- Drag and drop is used mostly during automation testing, we can drag and drop elements with the help of Action Class that is inbuilt and is used for handling mouse and keyboard elements using the sample code given below
Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
Action dragAndDrop = builder.clickAndHold(SourceElement)
.moveToElement(TargetElement)
.release(TargetElement)
.build();
dragAndDrop.perform();

Que-10 What is Page Factory?
Ans- Page Factory is an inbuilt Page Object Model framework. It cab be consideed as an extenssion of Page Objetcs.
PageFactory.initElements() : used to intialize all web elements with @FindBy annotation.
public class SamplePage {
WebDriver driver;
@FindBy(id="search")
WebElement searchTextBox;
@FindBy(name="searchBtn")
WebElement searchButton;
//Constructor
public samplePage(WebDriver driver){
this.driver = driver;
//initElements method to initialize all elements
PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
}
//Sample method
public void search(String searchTerm){
searchTextBox.sendKeys(searchTerm);

searchButton.click();
}
}

Que- 11 What is a data-driven framework?
Ans- Data-driven framework is used to derive test cases from the test data that is put in external files like CSV, Excel, etc. It is a technique used to differentiate the “data set” from the actual “test case” so that one can easily modify the code according to the functionality.
TestNG provides inherent support for data-driven testing using @dataProvider annotation.

Que-12 What is TestNG?
Ans- NG in TestNG stands for Next Generation. TestNG is an automation framework that can be integrated with Selenium or any other automation tool. It's quite important when one is developing the framework from scratch.
This is the end of our top questions that are mostly asked in interviews. Thanks for reading. :)

REFERENCES:-
Selenium Interview Questions
Selenium
Selenium Basics

What are the top 9 SQL Queries for freshers?

rahul — Mon, 03 Jan 2022 07:11:27 +0000

In general, query is a request for something. But in the world of programming query means retrieving data from the database with commands that are preset. i.e. SELECT, INSERET, SUM, WHERE etc.
Furthermore, if you wish to explore more about the SQL, DBMS you can visit the page below.
SQL Queries are asked directly in interview as it tests both your practical as well as theoretical knowledge.
Here are the top 9 SQL queries for freshers and for more practice check the references.

Table EmployeeDetails

Tabl EmployeeSalary

Que-1 Write an SQL query to find the MAX, MIN and AVERAGE salary of the employees?
Ans- An SQL aggregate function is used to calculate the MAX(), MIN() and AVG() salary of the employees.
SELECT Max(Salary),
MIN(Salary),
AVG(Salary)
FROM Employee Salary;

Que-2 Write an SQL Query to fetch common records between two tables?
Ans- In the SQL server, we can use the INTERSECT() Operator to fetch the data i.e. common in between the two statements.
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary INTERSECT SELECT * FROM ManagerSalary;
Que-3 Write an SQL Query to display both EmpId and ManagerId together?
Ans- To add two functions together we can use the command CONCAT().
SELECT CONCAT(EmpId,ManagerId) as NewId FROM EmployeeDetails;

Que-4 Write an SQL Query to display current date and time?
Ans- For SQL Server
SELECT getdate();
For Oracle Server
SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;
For MySQL
SELECT NOW();

Que-5 Write an SQL Query to create new table with data and structure copied from the other table?
Ans- CREATE TABLE NewTable SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary;

Que-6 Write an SQL Query to create an empty table with the same structure as some other table?
Ans- CREATE TABLE NewTable SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary where 1=0;

Que-7 Write an SQL Query to find all the employees whose salary is between 8000 and 12000?
Ans- SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary WHERE Salary BETWEEN '5000' AND '12000';

Que-8 Write an SQL Query to fetch the position of a given character(s) in a field?
Ans- The function INSTR() is a case sensitive search. The INSTR() function returns the first occurrence of string in another string.
SELECT INSTR(FullName,'Snow') FROM EmployeeDetails;

Que-9 Write an SQL query to upper case the name of employee and lower case the city values?
Ans- The SQL Upper and Lower functions can be used to achieve the result.
SELECT UPPER (FullName), LOWER(city) FROM EmployeeDetails;
This is the end of our top 9 questions that are mostly asked in interviews. Thanks for reading. :)

REFERENCES:-