Forem: Anamika

ML Type, Algorithm, and Model in common AI applications

Anamika — Fri, 21 Feb 2025 05:25:59 +0000

Popular AI Applications, and the ML Type, Algorithms, and Models used in/by them.

ChatGPT

What is ChatGPT

ChatGPT is a very popular GenAI Application, which is now being used by millions of people in some way or the other.
It can be used to write and fix code, ask financial and technical questions, cook, and do a variety of other things.

Model versions
The following table lists the main model versions of ChatGPT, describing the significant changes included with each version:

Version	Release date	Description	Status
GPT-3.5	November 2022	The first ChatGPT version used the GPT-3.5 model.	Discontinued
GPT-3.5 Turbo	2023	An improvement over the legacy version of GPT-3.5, GPT-3.5 Turbo in ChatGPT offered better accuracy in responses while using a similar model.	Discontinued
GPT-4	March 2023	Introduced with the ChatGPT Plus subscription, the March 2023 version is based on the more advanced GPT-4 model.	Active
GPT-4o	May 2024	Capable of processing text, image, audio, and video, GPT-4o is faster and more capable than GPT-4, and free within a usage limit that is higher for paid subscriptions.[107]	Active
GPT-4o mini	July 2024	A smaller and cheaper version of GPT-4o. GPT-4o mini replaced GPT-3.5 in the July 2024 version of ChatGPT.[108]	Active
o1-preview	September 2024	A pre-release version of OpenAI o1, an updated version that could “think” before responding to requests.[109]	Discontinued
o1-mini	September 2024	A smaller and faster version of OpenAI o1.[109]	Discontinued
o1	December 2024	The full release of OpenAI o1, which had previously been available as a preview.[103]	Active
o1 pro mode	December 2024	An upgraded version of OpenAI o1 which uses more compute, available to ChatGPT Pro subscribers.[103]	Active
o3-mini	January 2025	Successor of o1-mini.[110]	Active
o3-mini-high	January 2025	Variant of o3-mini using more reasoning effort.[110]	Active

source: wikipedia

How does ChatGPT gather data?

ChatGPT was trained on a large training dataset that consisted of books, articles, and web pages that are available publicly on the internet.
This is one of the largest training dataset available.
The data collection process was also called Common Crawl, where all the publicly available information was gathered and then fed to ChatGPT.

Training Used:
Unsupervised Learning + Supervised Learning during fine tuning process.

The outcome of the training was a model called Generative pre-trained Transformer model or GPT.
Hence, GPT is the model that powers all the versions of ChatGPT.

ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM), because it has been trained on a large training dataset, which contains billions of instructions.

DALL·E

What is DALL·E

DALL·E is an AI model that can generate realistic images, and art from a description in natural language.
It is developed by OpenAI.

How does DALL·E gather data?

The training data for DALL·E consists of a vast collection of text-image pairs sourced from the internet.
These pairs include captions and corresponding images, allowing the model to learn the relationship between the textual description and visual representations.

Training Used:
Unsupervised Learning + Supervised Learning during fine tuning process.

DALL·E is also a large language model (LLM) because it has been fed a large training dataset.
The output model that is used for DALL·E is GPT-3 model, and it is specifically designed for image generation.

GitHub Copilot

What is GitHub Copilot?

According to GitHub Documentation, "GitHub Copilot is an AI coding assistant that helps you write code faster and with less effort, allowing you to focus more energy on problem solving and collaboration".

GitHub Copilot is an AI tool developed by OpenAI in collaboration with GitHub.
Copilot suggests code as you type, just like having a coding assistant right in your development environment.

How was it trained, and How does it generate code?

GitHub Copilot has been trained on a large dataset on the publicly available code from repositories, coding websites, forums and documentation available on the internet.

Training Used:
Unsupervised Learning + Supervised Learning during fine tuning process.

The outcome of the training was codex model.
GitHub Copilot uses codex model, a descendent of GPT-3, based on transformer architecture.

Thanks for Reading 😊
Please drop a 👍 if you liked the post!

Also, feel free to reach out if you need any other info around this, or any other topic. Will be happy to share.

Hacktoberfest-9 | My third year @Hacktoberfest

Anamika — Thu, 27 Oct 2022 19:41:10 +0000

Hacktoberfest is for everyone. Whether it’s your first time or your ninth— it’s almost time to hack out four pristine pull/merge requests and complete your mission for open source. 🚀

Hacktoberfest 2022

With the start of September, all opensource enthusiasts started getting the vibes of Hacktoberfest approaching. 🍁
Participating in Hacktoberfest is a great way to get involved with the open source community wherever you are on your tech journey. And why only tech, this year the team has come up with Non-Code Contributions too! 🤍

What is Hacktoberfest 🤔

Hacktoberfest is a month-long celebration run by DigitalOcean to celebrate and give back to opensource projects and software. The initiative is open to everyone, and the goal is to encourage everyone in the global community to contribute to open source.

How to contribute 🚶‍♂️

Everyone is welcome regardless of experience or skill, whether it's your first or ninth time. To participate, head over to Hacktoberfest.com and then Start Hacking.

You can register anytime from the date of opening of registrations until and October 31st.

As I have mentioned above, Hacktoberfest has recently started accepting no-code and low-code contributions, so everyone is included, regardless of their work and experience.

You can contribute in various ways, just remember that at any date and time, quality >>> quantity.

Talking about My Hacktoberfest2022

This year, was my third time @Hactoberfest, and exactly like the previous years, I enjoyed, and learned a lot!
If you wish to see my previous years Hacktoberfest experiences, you can read my articles. (The links are at the bottom of the article) 👇👇

Needless to say if you participate once, you'll never want to stop. Goes the same for me and I was excited, and was eagerly waiting for the registrations to open. I was watching the timer on the registration page!
In my opinion, the driving force, when participating in such programs should not be the swag, but the things that one is going to learn.

How can YOU participate 🌌

There are multiple ways in which one can participate.
Listing a few of them:

Code contributions
Documentation
Adding new feature in an existing open source project
Graphic design

Believe me, it's never too late. Register yourself now, and get started. Hacktoberfest2022

Hacktoberfest2020
Hacktoberfest2021

Feel free to reach out for any sort of discussion regarding the post, or other materials.

At last, I wish Happy Hacktober to everyone 🍈
May the source be with you. 💫

Computer Networking- Structure of the Network

Anamika — Wed, 31 Aug 2022 12:19:53 +0000

Introduction 📃

The Structure of the Network basically tells us how do the things work internally.
It tells us about the protocols, the internal workings of an internet system, etc.

Let us take an example of a situation from our real lives.
For e.g:- you order something online.
Let us say that a person is living in India. He/She orders something from the US via an online shopping site.

How does the shipment of the order take place?

The online shopping site will send the ordered item to a delivery company in the US. It is now the duty of that delivery company to get the item transported from the ordered location (US here) to the destination (which is India here).

The delivery company's US branch will transport the ordered item from US to it's branch in India.
We can now say that the item has been transported. And the process is known as transportation.

After coming to the destination (India), the item will be handed over to the online shopping site's vendor, in the destination location, for delivery.

The online shopping site will then deliver the order to the person's doorstep.

Now the item is received.

The internet also follows a similar working system.

The layer from where we order and received the item, i.e, the layer from which a person is interacting is called the Application Layer.
E.g: WhatsApp
It is an application. Users interact with the app but how it works internally is not known to the users.

Follow Up ⚡

This was just about the overall working of the internet. That is, the Structure of the Network. Here we have seen and understood how the Application Layer is different from the internal workings of the internet.
There are several other layers present inside the block, which works differently from the application layer(refer the diagram above).
There are different networking models which describes the architecture, components, and design used to establish communication between the source and destination systems

There exists predominantly two types of networking model-

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Model.

More light on these layers and models will be given in the upcoming posts. 💡
Thank you for reading :)

Nevertheless, Anamika Coded in 2022

Anamika — Tue, 08 Mar 2022 09:34:05 +0000

Hello all 👋. My name is Anamika. I am a budding developer from India. I dream of spreading the word of knowledge to as many people as I can. I can’t wait to see a world where each person is well-educated and carry their own set of skills.

My biggest technical goals are…

Be more active in the tech communities that I am a part of.
I believe that communities have always played a role in my learning, and due to the lack of time since previous few months, I am unable to be active in those communities. So, I want to be more active and help others also be a part of some amazing communities.

Do more public speaking.
I believe that sharing is the key. Hence, I am always looking forward to share what I have learnt. Public speaking is one of the best ways to share our leanings with the community and get to hear views from amazing people.

Attend tech conferences and connect with like-minded people.
This is one thing which I so wish to do🥺. I believe that attending tech conferences not only introduces us to great technologies but also provides us with great ideas while meeting with like-minded people. It is always said to be together when working towards a common goal, so why not. ❤️

Contribute more to open source
Open Source is ❤️. I have been engaging with some open source projects but further I want to make more contributions.

Land my dream role
I am working hard towards getting a role in development or as a dev-rel/developer-advocate. Let's hope for the best. 🥺

Build my portfolio
One thing in which I'm still struggling is building my own portfolio. I have tried to do this previously, but due to some reasons, I always left it in between. I've always heard that a portfolio is the best way to showcase your skills and experience. So why not.

My biggest technical achievements are…

I started learning new things. The tech world is always booming with new technologies. One of my goals is to read about a new topic each day.

I enhanced my open-source journey a bit. I began to understand the true meaning of open-source and open-culture. I became a part of different open-source programs as a volunteer, participant, and mentor. I also helped a lot of newbies to make their first contribution to open-source. It felt great to be able to help newcomers and retain their faith in themselves that they are no less and once after getting started, they can do wonders!

I became a scholar! I got the chance to be a part of the SUSE Cloud Native Foundations Program by Udacity.
I was one among the 15000 scholars selected globally to enter the SUSE Cloud Native Foundations Course workspace.

Got to meet so many new people, learnt a lot, made new friends and what not.
In the scholarship program, I even got into top 5 student stories around the world which was really unexpected. ✨

I organized webinars, and sessions. My favorite part about organizing events is that it helps me clear my understanding on the topics even more, and eventually helps people who are stuck in a particular topic and need some guidance.

I spoke at events. I was invited to speak at several events including the Powershell, DevOps and Cloud Conference 2021, Docker Community All Hands #4, Women In Cloud Annual Summit 2022 etc. More of myself in this area will be seen in 2022. 😇

I pledge to break the bias in tech by…

Doing things that are thought as unachievable by some, and help more and more people achieve their goals ✊

I pledge to support women, non-binary folks, and other minorities in tech by…

Standing with them always.Through this post, I want to let you all know that you're not alone. We all are here to help each other in our bad times, as well as to clap for each other in our success. 👏🏼

I’m excited about…

I'm excited to hear from amazing women like you! What did you do to break the bias. What difficulties you've faced and how did you overcome it. Moreover, what are you looking forward to now. I am also excited to connect with some amazing women and folks and work towards the goal of diversity and equality!

At last, but definitely not the least, I want to wish all the women, A Very Happy Women's Day. Do not let anybody bring your confidence down. You have the power! You can do this!

#togetherwerise
#iwd2022
#womenallaroundtheglobe

Computer Networking- Introduction

Anamika — Mon, 31 Jan 2022 20:15:27 +0000

History of Internet (How did it start?)

Internet: A network of computer networks.

Around 1957, USA and Russia were on the edge of who will be the one to take the first step in Networking or Internet.
Ultimately, Russia launched the satellite SPUTNIK.
Later, USA also went on and developed ARPA (ARPA: Advanced Research Project Agency). It was mostly used for defense purposes. Eventually, for ARPA, the ARPANET was created.

The ARPANET was a private internet.
There were 4 universities in the USA which were connected with each other with the help of ARPANET. (MIT, Harvard, UC LA, and University of UTA).
These were considered the 4 nodes of ARPANET. In order to have standardized rules to transmit data across each other, they created TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and these 4 universities were connected to each other with the help of TCP Protocol.

One problem that they faced was that while sharing links in their Research Paper, the redirection to the link was not automatic. Due to this it became a hectic task to open the links manually every time.
Then came into picture, The World Wide Web. World Wide Web or www was invented by Tim Berners Lee in the year 1990. WWW was used to display HTML pages. It was basically a collection of web-pages linked by a hyperlink. There were no search-engines, as people used to maintain the hyperlinks manually.

Then after came search engines, and we started on with the internet.
In the recent time, we have now reached to Web3. This is known as Modern Internet.

Protocols

A protocol is a set of rules and regulations for sending data over the internet. They are defined and handled by the Internet Society.

There are various types of protocols that support a major and compassionate role in communicating with different devices across the network. Some of these are:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Post office Protocol (POP)
Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
Telnet
Gopher

Servers and Clients

The working of the Client-Server Architecture can be very easily understood by the following picture-

Client: In the digital world a Client is a computer (Host) that is capable of receiving information or using a particular service from the service providers (Servers).
Servers: A Server is a remote computer which provides information (data) or access to particular services.

So, it is basically that the Client requesting something and the Server is serving it as long as its present in the database.

Localhost : In computer networking, localhost is a hostname that refers to the current device used to access it.
Basically, if we have our client and our server on the same machine, then that particular machine will be called as the localhost.

The IP-Address of the Localhost is 127.0.0.1

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

The term Internet service provider (ISP) refers to a company that provides access to the Internet to both personal and business customers.

IP Address

An IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or a local network. IP stands for "Internet Protocol," which, as already stated, is the set of rules governing the format of data sent via the internet or local network.

Ports

We need IP Address to identify the device, and in order to identify the application, we need ports.
A port is a logical construct that identifies a specific process or a type of network service.

Port Numbers

Ports are 16-bit numbers. If we calculate, then there are around 65,000 (2^16) port numbers available.

Classification of Port Numbers:

Port Number	Classification
0-1023	Reserved Ports
1024-49152	Ports registered for applications
Remaining	Can be used by public

Ephemeral Ports
An ephemeral port is a communications endpoint of a transport layer protocol of the Internet protocol suite that is used for only a short period of time for the duration of a communication session.

Sockets

It is not a hardware, but it is an interface between a process and the internet.
A socket can be thought of as a gateway between an application and a network.

How is everything connected? (Computers & Countries)

The internet is not above us, but beneath us. Yes, the giant internet cables are laid deep inside the ocean. You can see how the entire world is connected at submarine maps.
The internet is controlled by different organizations in various parts of the world.

Well a question might arise here that why don't we use satellites instead of the cables. The answer to this question is that cables actually provide a faster speed than what satellites would.

Types of Networks

Networks can be classified into 5 types-

PAN (Personal Area Network)
LAN (Local Area Network)
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
WAN (Wide Area Network)
Global Area Network (Internet)

Out of these, the major focus of study are the LAN, WAN, and MAN.

LAN,MAN, and WAN

LAN: Local Area Network
A local area network (LAN) is a collection of devices connected together in one physical location, such as a building, office, or home.
It is connected via Ethernet, WiFi, etc.

MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that connects computers within a metropolitan area, which could be a single large city, multiple cities and towns, or any given large area with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than a local area network (LAN) but smaller than a wide area network (WAN). MANs do not have to be in urban areas; the term "metropolitan" implies the size of the network, not the demographics of the area that it serves.

WAN: Wide Area Network
A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographic area. Wide area networks are often established with leased telecommunication circuits.
It uses Optical Fiber Cables for connection.

[LAN+MAN+WAN] = Internet

Modem & Router

Modem: A modem is used to convert digital signals into analog signals & vice-versa.
This is done so that we can transfer the signals.
Router: A router is a device that routes the data packets based on their IP Address.

Network Topologies

The orientation of nodes to form a network is known as topology.

Network topology is the schematic description of the arrangement of the physical and logical elements of a communication network.

There are several different logical and physical network topologies from which administrators can choose to build a secure, robust, and easily maintainable topology. The most popular configurations include:

Bus network topology: It is also known as backbone network topology.
This configuration connects all devices to a main cable via drop lines.
Ring network topology: Two dedicated point-to-point links connect a device to the two devices located on either side of it, creating a ring of devices through which data is forwarded via repeaters until it reaches the target device.
Star network topology: It is the most common network topology.
Star topology connects each device in the network to a central hub. Devices can only communicate with each other indirectly through the central hub.
Tree network topology: This topology is a combination of Bus+Star . It consists of a parent-child hierarchy in which star networks are interconnected via bus networks. Nodes branch out linearly from one root node, and two connected nodes only share one mutual connection.
Mesh network topology: Each device on the network to another device via dedicated point-to-point link, only carrying data between two devices.
Hybrid network topology: Any combination of two or more topologies is a hybrid topology.

My 2021 Unwrapped

Anamika — Sun, 02 Jan 2022 19:07:33 +0000

As we step into a new year, I am here to unwrap whatever I did in the year 2021.

2021 was an year of mixed emotions for me. From anxiety, to sadness, to little happiness, to meeting new people & making new friends, to motivations & encouragements, to learning a lot. This year has been a roller-coaster for me and has surely taught me a lot. Not only on the materialistic side, but also on the intellectual aspect.

The year started pretty well. I started learning new things. One of my goals for 2021 was to read about a new topic each day. I will say I am 40%-50% on that goal, because some days, it so happened that I read about a new topic and then following days I was digging into that particular topic itself. It surely counts as learning new thing, doesn't it?
In 2021 I enhanced my open-source journey a bit. Although I entered into the world of open-source in 2020, but it was only in 2021 that I understood the true meaning of open-source and open-culture.
I took part in different open-source programs as a volunteer, participant, and mentor. It started with Girl Script Summer of Code. I learnt a lot more than the basic git commands here and met new people. I was able to secure a rank of 83 among 6500+ participants from across the globe. After that I was selected as a mentor for DevIncept DCP 2021 and a fellow for Script Winter of Code. I took up the role of mentor in DevIncept DCP 2021 and helped a lot of participants to make their first contribution to open-source. It felt great to be able to help newcomers and retain their faith in themselves that they are no less and once after getting started, they can do wonders!
I was also a part of the Open Source Day by AnitaB.org, where I made contributions to projects like Ceph and Material-UI.

Later this year, I got the chance to be a part of the SUSE Cloud Native Foundations Program by Udacity.
I was one among the 15000 scholars selected globally to enter the SUSE Cloud Native Foundations Course workspace.
It was the most special part of the year. I met so many new people, learnt a lot, made new friends and what not.
The scholarship challenge was fun, and it indeed taught me a lot. From time-management, to cloud native fundamentals. I even got into top 5 student stories around the world which was really unexpected.
Here we organized webinars, sessions, made study groups to accomplish our goals, encouraged and helped each other. My favorite part was organizing events, because it helped me clear my understanding on the topics even more, and eventually helped people who were stuck in that particular topic. The love and support that I received from this program and the events that we conducted was really encouraging.

One of my goals which I was able to complete in 2021 was to speak at events. I was invited to speak at several events including the Powershell, DevOps and Cloud Conference 2021, Docker Community All Hands #4, etc. More of myself in this area will be seen in 2022. 😇

Another thing about which I am happy was Hacktoberfest 2021.
I felt beyond happy that one year ago, I was zero on git and github. I was unable to make a simple Pull Request. But this year, I was searching for more meaningful contributions to make. I felt glad that I was able to expand my learnings even if it was by just a small percentage.
I made contributions in repositories of organizations like Appwrite, Appsmith, Milvus, Mattermost, LoginRadius, etc. Some of my blogs can be found on my Dev.to profile.

Apart from these, I enhanced my learnings in the Python Programming Language. I happened to talk to some experienced people in this field which helped my understand where I lack, and therefore I'll be working on those areas in 2022 :)
Also, one should never forget about failures as they are a part of journey. I tried to expertise in a few more skills and areas, but have not been able to do it till now. Hopefully the new year helps me in completing my incomplete tasks from the previous year :)

Further for 2022, I am planning to learn & share as much as I can with the community. I look forward to meet with more people and try to better myself. I am also planning to take out time to read and exercise, as I had been more on the lazier side in the previous year.

Well these are my small wins for 2021. The year had surely been a lot more, but these, form a major part of Anamika's 2021.

Hope that the New Year brings waves of happiness and joy to us. Happy New Year everyone! 🎉

How to Deploy Appsmith on private instance using Docker

Anamika — Sat, 30 Oct 2021 07:59:05 +0000

Introduction

Appsmith is a low code, open-source framework to build internal applications.
You can check their official documentation website here
It is open source and very easy to deploy on our own machine.

Docker is an open platform for developing, shipping, and running applications. With Docker, you can manage your infrastructure in the same ways you manage your applications.

You can download and install Docker on multiple platforms. Refer to this page and choose the best installation path for you.

Appsmith can be deployed locally or on our private instance using Docker.

The Prerequisites of proceeding with the setup are:

having Docker version 20.10.7 or later
having Docker-Compose of version 1.29.2 or later

Once you have these ready, you are good to go!

It is recommended to create an installation folder called appsmith, so that our Appsmith installation, and data to live in are stored at a single place.

Initial Step
cd into the installation folder

cd appsmith

Now, we can follow two paths from here-
a) with docker-compose
b) without docker-compose

Here we are going to go through both methods of deploying Appsmith on our private instance.

Method-1: Quick Start with docker-compose

The Appsmith Docker image is built with all the components required for it to run, within a single Docker container. All these multiple processes are managed by a Supervisor instance, which is a lightweight process manager.

Step-1:
Download the docker-compose.yml file into the appsmith installation folder from here

You can also choose to run the following curl if you are on a remote machine:

curl -L https://bit.ly/2WMPFPy -o $PWD/docker-compose.yml

The above configuration runs an Appsmith instance, along with a Watchtover instance to keep Appsmith automatically up-to-date.

Step-2:
Bring the docker container up. It can be done by running the following command:

docker-compose up -d

This command will pull and download all the required Docker images, and start the services.

Step-3:
Once all the images are downloaded and the container is running, you can check the logs with the following command:

docker logs -f appsmith

Once the container is ready, and running properly, you will be able to see a message Appsmith is Running!

Congratulations! 🎉
Your Appsmith server should be up and running now. You can access it on localhost.

This was all about Method-1, now let us explore Method-2 of Deploying Appsmith using Docker.

Method-2: Explore Appsmith without docker-compose

This is also a simple method of deploying Appsmith by the use of Docker in two simple steps.

Step-1:
Run the following command on your machine, in order to quickly get Appsmith up and running:

docker run -d --name appsmith -p 80:80 -p 9001:9001 -v "$PWD/stacks:/appsmith-stacks" appsmith/appsmith-ce

This will download the image and start Appsmith. Once the download is complete, the server should be up in under a minute.

Step-2:
View the logs with the following command:

docker logs -f appsmith

A successful message Appsmith is Running! will be displayed once the container is ready and running correctly.

That's it!
It is so simple, isn't it?

Go ahead and start creating your applications using Appsmith, and now you know how to set it up on your local machine without any complexity!

Feel free to reach out in case of any doubts :)

Also, don't forget to check out the official documentaion for the same.

Happy Learning All!

How to Deploy Appsmith on DigitalOcean

Anamika — Fri, 29 Oct 2021 20:07:08 +0000

Introduction

Appsmith is a low code, open-source framework to build internal applications.
You can check their official documentation website here
It is open source and very easy to deploy on our own machine.

DigitalOcean is a cloud computing vendor that offers an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platform for software developers.

In this tutorial, we will be going through the process of deploying Appsmith on DigitalOcean using the Appsmith droplet from Digital Ocean’s 1-Click Apps Marketplace and host it on our custom domain.

Note:
Before starting this tutorial, one needs to have a Digital Ocean account. You can create an account here if you don't already have one. Also, checkout this page to get some free credits while creating a new account on DigitalOcean!

Deploying Appsmith on DigitalOcean

Once logged in, follow the steps listed below:

Step-1: Find Appsmith from the DigitalOcean marketplace. You can follow this link to do so.
Step-2: Click on the Create Appsmith Droplet button. Doing this will redirect you to a new page where you can set up all your configurations.

Now, if you check on the official documentation page of Appsmith, they provide these settings for a basic configuration.

Shared CPU: Basic
CPU Options: Regular Intel with SSD (1 GB CPU / 25GB SSD / 1000GB Transfer )
Data Center Region: (Choose the nearest location to your place)
Additional Options: IPV6 Enabled

You are free to change these as per your choice and preferences :)

Step-3: Create a password, or you can also choose SSH option to log in to your server. Lastly, click on the Create Droplet button.

It will take approximately 3-4 minutes to install Appsmith on the DigitalOcean droplet. You can see the deployed droplet on the dashboard, along with all the details of the selected configuration.

Using Appsmith

In order to use Appsmith, just copy the IPv4 address from the settings and open it in a new tab.
This will lead to a login page. This is Appsmith’s login page.

Now, since this is a new instance, we need to sign up to create a new account on Appsmith. Click on sign up to create a new account.

AND THAT IS IT!
You are now ready to create your own apps as per your choice. 🎉

Don't forget to check out the official documentation of Appsmith for Deploying Appsmith on DigitalOcean

Thanks for reading :)
Feel free to reach out in case of any doubts :D

My Second Experience and Learnings @Hacktoberfest | How to Contribute

Anamika — Mon, 18 Oct 2021 18:14:43 +0000

Howdy all! Hope the winds of October are flowing with you and you all are doing great. 🍁
The second-most famous thing about October, apart from Halloween is Hacktoberfest 🎉
Yes, its that time of the year when Open Source enthusiasts and developers from all around the globe, come together and contribute to various open source projects. These projects may range from being a beginner-level to solving some of real-time problems.

This year, was my second time @Hactoberfest, and needless to say, I got to learn a lot of things, just like the previous year.
If you wish to see what all I got to learn previous year, from this month-long journey of contributing to open source, you can read my article, which I have shared over here. I still remember the day last year. It was 15th of October when I made 4 valid PRs, and was waiting for them to get matured (14-days time period). I shared my experience of my first-ever Hacktoberfest then.

Today, I am here to share my second time experience about Hactoberfest, what all did I learn, how this year was different than the previous one, and how can YOU contribute! Believe me, it's never too late. Register yourself now, and get started. Link

So since participating in the fest last year, I was determined that I will be participating next year as well. This year, I was waiting eagerly for the season to begin. I registered myself as soon as the initial registrations got opened. After that, I was waiting for October to start!
One thing, about which I was very firm was to make real, valuable contributions. Similar to last year, my focus wasn't on getting the T-Shirt, but to move ahead in my open source journey and to learn new things.

October came and I started off! After registering for the Hacktoberfest, you will come across a demo on the official page, which is made for beginners in open source, in order to help them with Version-Control System.
Previous year when I was starting off, I did not even know a single line about open source and version-controlling. I was struggling to even clone a github repository.

Fast forward one year-
See full tweet Here
Added my Haiku 🎉

I know it's not a huge thing, but the feeling of being unable to do it an year ago, to be able to do it with ease is overwhelming. I just feel happy that I was able to expand my learning even if it was by just a small percentage.
Wholeheartedly thankful to @hacktoberfest

Contributions

Last year, my major contributions were code contributions. My first contribution, was a simple code contribution in a repository which was especially designed for beginners in order to start their journey with open source. I made some documentation contributions as well, but they were marked invalid after a few days (maybe because rules were updated in the middle of the month last year). Yeah, 3 of my 4 PRs were code contributions, and one was a tiny fix of a link. 😄
I was able to make 4 PRs till October 15th and only after that I realized that I will have to wait for them to get matured (14 days time-period) 💦
Well, all my PRs got accepted and I received my first Open Source gift in the month of February 2021 (it took some time to reach my place due to pandemic conditions all around)

How this year was different

I was very clear that this year, I won't make just simple code contributions. Since I have been into open source for quite some time, I wanted to make valuable contributions. So I started searching for issues that would actually help projects. My favorite programming language is Python, so I was searching for projects that involved Python. I found some really amazing ones which required contributors and I began working on them. I set up the project on my machine, ran everything, checked upon all the functionalities and raised issues wherever I thought some changes were needed. Apart from these, I also worked on projects which involved a dash of front-end development. Reason being that I have learnt a little bit about front-end development, and I wanted to implement my learnings into real-time projects.
This is one such benefit of contributing to open source. To learn and implement at the same time. 😄

One more thing that I was looking forward to was- do not contribute only for the sake of completing 4 PRs in Hacktoberfest and then forget everything 😂
My first purpose was to witness an increment in my learning curve. As I said, I wanted to try hands-on front-end, I found a really fun project that even beginners can contribute to!
You can follow it here
Basically I saw this post on @thepracticaldev and was really interested to try a theme!
You can also contribute if you want to 💛

Apart from these, I made some contributions in the form of resources. I believe that having resources at one place proves to be really helpful for everyone who is learning and so I wanted to provide my contributions in the form of PRs to such repositories which collects and organizes all resources at one place.

Rounding Off

We are halfway through the 8th edition of Hacktoberfest, and it has been an amazing experience till now. From struggling to make a single Pull Request last year, to completing Hacktoberfest Challenge easily this year makes me happy. It lights a spark inside that yes, at least I was able to learn something in a span of one year.

Also, it was Hacktoberfest which introduced me to the Dev Community, and I feel really glad to be a part of this community since a year. I have also recived the One-Year Badge on 15th of October 2021 😂

For the Beginners
Don't feel intimidated. There are lots of issues that you can start working with.

Feel free to reach out for any sort of discussion regarding the post, or other materials. If you wish to connect with me, you can find me here also, apart from my Dev.to profile of course 😄

At last, I wish Happy Hacktober to everyone 🍈
May the source be with you. 💫

How to setup Appwrite on Ubuntu

Anamika — Fri, 08 Oct 2021 17:23:28 +0000

Setting up Appwrite on any Operating System, or Kernel is pretty easy. Here we are going to go through an easy and simple method to setup Appwrite on a Linux Kernel.
Well I use Ubuntu Operating System, so let's get started with setting up Appwrite on Ubuntu.

Before getting started, I would like to give a brief intro to What is Appwrite.

So, Appwrite is a self-hosted solution that provides developers with a set of easy-to-use and integrate REST APIs to manage their core backend needs. Basically, it is a new open-source, end-to-end, back end server for front-end and mobile developers that allows to build apps much faster. Its main goal is to abstract and simplify common development tasks behind REST APIs and tools, helping developers build advanced apps faster.

Requirements
The only System Requirements to install Appwrite is- a small CPU core and 2GB of RAM, and an operating system that supports Docker.
If you have these in place, let us start then!

Note:
If you are migrating from an older version of Appwrite, you need to follow the migration instructions, steps of which, are provided as the last part of this article. (Upgrading from Older Versions)
So feel free to jump on to the last part if you already have a version on Appwrite installed and are planning to migrate to another version.

How to setup Appwrite on Ubuntu

Now, there can be multiple ways to install Appwrite, but the easiest way to start running an Appwrite server is by running Docker installer tool from the terminal. Before running the installation command, make sure you have Docker CLI installed.

If you don't have it installed, here's how you can do it. Refer to it and you are good to go!

After that, the process is very simple-
You just need to open your terminal and run the following bash commands:

docker run -it --rm \
    --volume /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    --volume "$(pwd)"/appwrite:/usr/src/code/appwrite:rw \
    --entrypoint="install" \
    appwrite/appwrite:0.10.4

You may change the Appwrite version accordingly

I followed the same procedure and the results were like so-

Basically, here we are making use of Docker, to install application on our local machine. It is simple, fast, and easy to run and use. If you are confused as to What is Docker then you may want to refer here

Well, the entire process took me around 5 minutes, when I did everything from scratch after installing a Docker CLI. (my net was also slow then :')

Upgrading From Older Versions

If you are migrating from an older version of Appwrite, you need to follow these steps.

In order to upgrade your Appwrite server from an older version, you should use the Appwrite migration tool after you have installed the new version. The migration tool will adjust your Appwrite data to the new version's structure to make sure your Appwrite data is compatible with any internal changes.

The first step is to install the latest version of Appwrite.
Go to the directory where you first installed Appwrite and find the appwrite directory. Inside the directory there will be a docker-compose.yml file. Now, we need to execute the following command from the same appwrite directory:

docker run -it --rm \
    --volume /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    --volume "$(pwd)"/appwrite:/usr/src/code/appwrite:rw \
    --entrypoint="install" \
    appwrite/appwrite:0.10.4

What this command will do is pull the docker-compose.yml file for the new version of Appwrite and after that it will perform the installation.
After the command is successfully executed, and the setup is completed, we can verify that we have the latest version of Appwrite. We can make use of the following command to do so

docker ps | grep appwrite/appwrite

Make sure that the STATUS doesn't have any errors and all the appwrite/appwrite containers have the same latest version.

We can now start with the migration part.
For that, we will again have to navigate to the appwrite directory where our docker-compose.yml is present and run the following command:

cd appwrite/
docker-compose exec appwrite migrate

Once the migration process has completed successfully, we are all set to use the latest version of Appwrite!

You can also have a look at the official migration instructions present in the official documentation page of Appwrite

All Done!
Now you are all set to make your first api call!

Thanks for reading :)
All reviews and feedbacks are welcomed :hug:

What is Appwrite and How to use it Efficiently

Anamika — Sat, 02 Oct 2021 20:17:28 +0000

What is Appwrite

Going by it's official web-page, Appwrite is a self-hosted solution that provides developers with a set of easy-to-use and integrate REST APIs to manage their core backend needs.
Basically, it is a new open-source, end-to-end, back end server for front-end and mobile developers that allows to build apps much faster. Its main goal is to abstract and simplify common development tasks behind REST APIs and tools, helping developers build advanced apps faster.

Where can it be used

As we already saw, Appwrite is a self-hosted backend as a service. It is packaged as a set of Docker micro-services. It makes it easier to build applications without writing any backend code. But this is not just the only way to use it. Basically if we go by Appwrite's official documentation, Appwrite wasn’t designed to replace the backend team, but to provide a better starting point for your project and a better developer experience.

There a many ways to use Appwrite- Appwrite for Web, Appwrite for Flutter, Appwrite for Android, Appwrite for Server etc. You can find many tutorials, videos, demonstrations, source codes, etc to get started with these applications over here.
So go ahead and make great use of them!

Getting Started

The very first step to get started with Appwrite is to install it.
Since, Appwrite is packaged as a set of Docker containers, it can be installed and run on any operating system that can run a Docker CLI. You can either use Appwrite on your local desktop or on a cloud provider. Its your choice :D

System Requirements
The tiny requirements to install Appwrite is- a little 1 CPU core and 2GB of RAM, and an operating system that supports Docker.

Install with Docker

The easiest way to start running your Appwrite server is by running Docker installer tool from the terminal.

Unix



docker run -it --rm \
    --volume /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    --volume "$(pwd)"/appwrite:/usr/src/code/appwrite:rw \
    --entrypoint="install" \
    appwrite/appwrite:0.10.4

Windows

Make sure to enable Hyper-V and Containers Windows features in order to run Appwrite on Windows with Docker.

We can either use the CMD or PowerShell on Windows for the purpose of running commands, in order to proceed with the installation process.

Windows CMD



docker run -it --rm ^
    --volume //var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock ^
    --volume "%cd%"/appwrite:/usr/src/code/appwrite:rw ^
    --entrypoint="install" ^
    appwrite/appwrite:0.10.4

Windows PowerShell



docker run -it --rm ,
    --volume /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock ,
    --volume ${pwd}/appwrite:/usr/src/code/appwrite:rw ,
    --entrypoint="install" ,
    appwrite/appwrite:0.10.4

(Note that I have used the latest version of Appwrite in the installation commands)
Know more about installation here

How to use it efficiently

How to take Advantage of the Appwrite API Without Using Any SDK

As developers, sometimes, we might not want to use the Appwrite SDK, but to directly use Appwrite’s plain HTTP API to integrate our application.

Step- 1: Client Authentication
If you are integrating from a new client platform, you just need to pass the project ID. This can be done by attaching your request the 'X-Appwrite-Project' header like this:


 -XGET -H 'X-Appwrite-Project: [MY-PROJECT-ID]' -H "Content-type: application/json" 'https://appwrite.io/v1/locale'

Step-2: Server Authentication
The server authentication provides more scope permissions than by default. For this step, we need to pass our API key. API keys can be generated from the Appwrite dashboard and, permissions for the applications can also be chosen from here.

We need to pass the API Key with Appwrite’s 'X-Appwrite-Key' header as follows:


 -XGET -H 'X-Appwrite-Project: [MY-PROJECT-ID]' -H 'X-Appwrite-Key: [MY-API-KEY]' -H "Content-type: application/json" 'https://appwrite.io/v1/users'

One can also set an Appwrite header to change the API locale. The Appwrite API has support for 46 different locales, and this number is constantly growing.
You can use the locale service to get different responses from the Appwrite’s Locale API, or even in case if you want any sort of emails sent to your users in a different language from the default English.

Final Step: Start Sending API Calls
After authenticating and changing your Appwrite server locale, you can start sending requests to any of the Appwrite API’s.

Advantages and Features

Anonymous Login and JWT 🔐
You are right! Not every app needs users to create an account right away. Appwrite is one of such apps.
Appwrite provides the features of Anonymous Login, which helps to save sessions without asking for email addresses. Later those users can be converted to registered accounts easily.
Know more about it here
ARM Support
A dynamic arm support is an assistive technology product which helps people with limited arm and shoulder function, to move their arms and hands freely (again), and therefore make it possible to conduct all kinds of daily activities.
Starting with 0.8, install Appwrite on your favorite 64-bit ARM device, from Amazon Graviton2 down to the Raspberry Pi 4! ARM support also contributes in making Appwrite technology agnostic.
Slimmer and Faster
The recent versions of Appwrite have includes SMTP server rather than the ClamAV server for development. These changes, have helped reduce the minimum requirements to just 1GB of RAM.

Apart from these, there are many more advantages of using Appwrite. Some of them are:

Fast and Secure
Manage Access control
File Previews
Image Manipulations
Authenticate, Confirm and Manage your Users
Multiple Signin Methods
Auto-Generated SSL
Built-in Files and Secrets Encryption
Built-in Anti-Virus scanner
Webhooks
Background Tasks
Open-Source
Self-Hosted
Privacy
Cross-Platform
Flutter Support
Audit Logging
Input Validation
Abuse Protection
HTTP\2 Support

Next Steps

You can join the Appwrite Community on Discord. It can help newcomers clear more doubts, provide them with constant support, or just simply chat about Appwrite.
You can also check the Github Repositories here. These can help you find lots of resources about Appwrite, including text, video tutorials and many demo applications.
Don't forget to check the Official Documentation for Appwrite here.

Happy Appwriting ❤️

Hands-On Demo With Persistent Data

Anamika — Wed, 30 Jun 2021 20:23:11 +0000

This is a simple, and beginner-friendly demo to analyze and visualize the data on running containers and where actually the data on the running containers go

We first need to create an image in order to build it and run it.
It can be any simple image. If you are new to Docker and Docker Images, you can refer to here for the meanwhile and use the files provided if you face issues in creating a docker image or writing a docker file.

Now, the motto is to check where does the data go after a running container is killed.

Note: I am on Ubuntu 20.04.
The source code for the files that I am using is here

Here, we will be covering three cases-

mysql, no mount, no volume ---> data is lost after killing the container
mysql, mount ---> data is kept in the local file
mysql, volume ---> data is reserved in the volume

Open up your terminal and navigate to your working directory, i.e, the folder where a Dockerfile exists, so you can run it.

1. No mount, No volume

Expected:
Data is lost after killing the container
Execution:
Run the following command in your terminal-
docker run -d -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=true mysql

As we can see, the necessary files are being downloaded and the image is getting build.

Next, we need to get the container-id of the running container.
Use docker -ps to list all the running containers on your system.

Here, I just have a single container so the output shows the id of a single running container.

Now that we have our container up and running, we can run the following command in order to attach the image to the container:
docker exec -it CONTAINER-ID mysql
Once we are into mysql, we can create a database, and list it by using-
create database DB_NAME; show databases; exit

Now you will see that a database is created.
Inside mysql, you can type /c to clear out the inputs and exit in order to exit from mysql.
To check whether the database is actually created or not, just ls -a in your working directory, and it will show you your created database.

Next, for checking where does the data go, we need to delete the container. Use the container-id by executing docker -ps and kill the running container by executing docker kill CONTAINER_ID.

The container is now killed. This can also be verified by executing docker -ps on the terminal, which shows that no container is up at the current moment.

Now, if you execute ls -a in your working directory, you will not be able to see the database or any other file that you might have created.

Hence, by using No mount, No volume, all the data is lost after killing the container.

2. Mount

Expected:
Data is kept inside of the local folder.
Execution:
Run the following command in your terminal-
docker run -d -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=true -v$(pwd)/mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql mysql

Next step is the same- we need to get the container-id of the running container.
Use docker -ps to list all the running containers on your system.

Now that our container is up and running, we can run the following command in order to attach the image to the database:
docker exec -it CONTAINER-ID mysql
Basically the tag -it is used frequently to tag images in docker.

Once we are into mysql, we can create a database, and list the database by using-
create database DB_NAME; show databases; exit

To check whether the database is actually created or not, just ls -a in your working directory, and it will show you your created database.

In order to check for the data, we delete the container. Use the container-id by executing docker -ps and kill the running container by executing docker kill CONTAINER_ID.

The container is now killed. This can be verified by executing docker -ps on the terminal, which shows that no container is up at the current moment.
The full flow can be seen in the snippet below-

Now, if you execute ls -a in your working directory, you will notice that the created database still exits in the local folder.

Hence, by using Mount, the data is kept in the local folder even after the container has been killed.

3. Volume

Expected:
Data is preserved inside the volume.
Execution:
Run the following command in your terminal-
docker run -d -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=true -v mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql mysql in order to start up and run the container.

The next steps are the same as the above two, that is, to get the container-id of the running container using docker -ps and then attach to the database using the command-
docker exec -it CONTAINER-ID mysql

Now that we are into mysql, we can create a database, and list the database by using-
create database DB_NAME; show databases; exit

And the database is created.
You can type /c to clear out the inputs inside mysql and exit in order to exit from mysql.

Now we want to check for the data existence, so we delete the container. Use the container-id by using docker -ps and kill the running container by executing docker kill CONTAINER_ID.

The container is now killed. This can be verified by executing docker -ps on the terminal, which shows that no container is up at the current moment.

Now, if you will want to check for the data in the volume-

By simply typing volume on the terminal, we will see that there are a bunch of options provided for us in order to help use the volume command-

One of those is the volume ls. This command lists all the volumes present on our local machine.
We just execute volume ls on the terminal. In the output, we can see that our created database mysql-data still exists even after deleting the container.

Another command that can be used here is the volume inspect VOLUME-NAME
On executing the above command, it will display the details on the particular volume. It can be seen in the snippet below-

Hence, by using Volume, we can see that the data is kept preserved in the volume even after the container has been killed.

This was pretty much for analyzing and getting a basic idea of the persistent-data on running containers.

If you are new to the topic you can refer to -> Where does the data go
New to Docker and Containers? Refer to -> Beginner's guide to Docker

Some additional resources for help:
Inspect Docker Volume
Digital Ocean on Docker Volumes

Thanks for reading :)