Forem: Vishnu Damwala

Constructor in JAVA

Vishnu Damwala — Sat, 27 Nov 2021 09:37:17 +0000

In this article, we will go through Java constructors, their types with the help of examples.

What is a Constructor?

Constructor is a special member function in JAVA whose name is the same as the class name. It is used to initialize objects at the time of their creation.

Example 1: Java constructor

class DemoExample {
    DemoExample() {
        // constructor body
    }
}

Here, DemoExample() is a constructor. It has the same name as that of the class and does not have any return type, not even void.

Constructor in JAVA

It has no return type, not even void.

It is invoked at the time of object creation or when an instance is created.

Types of Constructor

No-Arguments Constructor
Parameterized Constructor
Default Constructor

No-Arguments Constructor

The no-argument constructor is a constructor that does not accept any parameters/arguments.

Example 2: Java No-argument constructor

class Rectangle {
    double length, width;

    //No-argument constructor
    Rectangle() {
        setDetails(52, 47);
    }

    void setDetails(double l, double w) {
        length = l;
        width = w;
    }

    void display() {
        System.out.println("-----------------------");
        System.out.println("Length: " + length);
        System.out.println("Width: " + width);
        System.out.println("Area: " + calcArea());
    }

    double calcArea() {
        return length * width;
    }
}

class ConstructorDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle();
        r1.display();
    }
}

Example 2 Output

----------------------------
Length: 52.0
Width: 47.0
Area: 2444.0

Parameterized Constructor

The Java parameterized constructor can also accept one or more parameters/arguments.
Such constructors are known as parameterized constructors or constructors with parameters.

Example 3: Java Parameterized Constructor

class Rectangle {
    double length, width;

    //Parameterized constructor
    Rectangle(double l, double w) {
        setDetails(l, w);
    }

    void setDetails(double l, double w) {
        length = l;
        width = w;
    }

    void display() {
        System.out.println("-----------------------");
        System.out.println("Length: " + length);
        System.out.println("Width: " + width);
        System.out.println("Area: " + calcArea());
    }

    double calcArea() {
        return length * width;
    }
}

class ConstructorDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(101, 70);
        r1.display();
    }
}

Example 3 Output

----------------------------
Length: 101.0
Width: 70.0
Area: 7070.0

Default Constructor

The Java compiler will create a no-argument constructor automatically when the user-defined constructor is not explicitly declared. Such constructor is known as the default constructor.
Each class has its own default constructor.
The Default constructor do not accept arguments.
Constructor declared by compiler initializes the object with default values.
Once the user defines its own default constructor, the compiler will use it to initialize an object.

Example 4: Java Default Constructor

class Rectangle {
    double length, width;

    void display() {
        System.out.println("-----------------------");
        System.out.println("Length: " + length);
        System.out.println("Width: " + width);
    }
}

class ConstructorDemo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle();
        r1.display();
    }
}

Example 4 Output

----------------------------
Length: 0.0
Width: 0.0

Any uninitialized instance variables will be initialized with default values by the default constructor.

Type	Default Value
boolean	`false`
byte	`0`
short	`0`
int	`0`
long	`0L`
char	`\u0000`
float	`0.0f`
double	`0.0d`
object	`Reference null`

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Dart - Comments

Vishnu Damwala — Thu, 22 Jul 2021 15:03:18 +0000

The comments are notes that developers can add in source code and are ignored by compilers. It's an art of describing what your code does and may be why. These comments are not evaluated.

It increases the code readability for other developers as well as self that allows to provide information of what tricky things are done within the code for better understanding and maintenance.

In this article, we will look into different types of comments supported by Dart.

The comments in Dart can be done in following different ways:

Single-line comments //
Multi-line comments /* ... */
Single-line Doc comments ///
Multi-line Doc comments /** ... */

Single-line comments in Dart

Single line comment can be done by // i.e double slash or double forward slash.

// this is a single-line comment

Multi-line comments in Dart

Multi-line comment also known as block comment. It can be done by /* ... */.

/*
  this is a multi-line comment
  we can also wrap code that is quite useful during debugging or development
*/

Dart guide suggests us to single-line comment //. The block comment (/* ... */) should only be used temporarily to comment out a section of code.

Single-line Doc comments in Dart

Doc comments parsed by dartdoc generates beautiful doc pages from them. A comment is any comment that appears before a declaration is called as Doc comment.

Doc comments also supports Markdown formatting

Single line Doc comment can be done by /// i.e triple slash or triple forward slash.

You can find usage of it in dart:io library available on GitHub

/// this is a single-line comment

Multi-line Doc comments in Dart

Multi line Doc comment can be done by `/ ... */`**. Below is an example of multi-line Doc comment.

/**
  * ** Important:** Browser-based apps can't use this library.
  * Only the following can import and use the dart:io library:
  *   - Servers
  *   - Command-line scripts
  *   - Flutter mobile apps
  *   - Flutter desktop apps
  */

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Install XAMPP on Ubuntu

Vishnu Damwala — Fri, 04 Jun 2021 05:21:50 +0000

A XAMPP is one of the most popular cross-platform PHP development environment. It is an open source package that can be easily install and to use.

XAMPP stands for cross-platform (X), Apache (A), MariaDB (M), PHP (P), and Perl (P).

XAMPP has been used widely by developers and has been around here with huge support of community since more than 10 years. It's currently available on Windows, Linux & Mac platforms while writing this article.

To download the Linux installer head over to the Download page. Here you will find latest release as well as previous versions.

While writing this article, the latest release version is 8.0.6. In this article, we will see how to install this open-source application in Ubuntu or Ubuntu-based distributions. Follow the same steps to install into other Ubuntu-based Distros.

Install XAMPP on Ubuntu or Ubuntu-based Distros

Download the XAMPP installer

Head over to XAMPP Home page and select XAMPP for Linux, that contains direct link that can be used for the latest version.

Once it's downloaded, open your terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T), head over to your directory where your installer has been saved and run the below commands with sudo privileges to change the permission.

sudo chmod 755 xampp-linux-*-installer.run

This command will give permission to the installer.

Note: Replace xampp-linux-*-installer.run with actual file name.

Run the XAMPP installer

sudo ./xampp-linux-*-installer.run

This command will start the installer wizard. Proceed with installation, make changes if you need. By default it will be installed in /opt/lampp/ directory, you can customize the installation directory too.

Install supporting package

sudo apt install net-tools -fy

This command will install netstat that is a part of the net-tools package.

Start, Stop & Restart Server

Start, Stop & Restart Server via command line aka CLI

Start the server with below command

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start

Stop the server with below command

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop

Restart the server with below command

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp restart

Start, Stop & Restart Server via Graphical User Interface aka GUI

Execute the below command to launch graphical manager

sudo /opt/lampp/manager-linux-x64.run

Create alias or shortcuts for commands for Bash Shell

Below command will create an alias for command for Bash shell, so you only need to use lamppStart to launch the graphical manager. You might need to reopen the terminal to use this newly added alias.

echo "alias lamppStart='cd /opt/lampp/ && sudo ./manager-linux-x64.run'" >> ~/.bashrc

Creating a launcher icon

With the below code, you can create it a launcher icon.

cat > ~/.local/share/applications/postman.desktop <<EOL
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.2
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=XAMPP
Exec=sh -c "pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY sudo /opt/lampp/manager-linux-x64.run"
Icon=/opt/lampp/htdocs/favicon.ico
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;Development;
MimeType=text/html
EOL

Uninstall XAMPP

To uninstall XAMPP, open the terminal and navigate to the opt/lampp directory with the below command.

 cd /opt/lampp

Execute the below command to uninstall XAMPP.

 sudo ./uninstall

The prompt dialogue box will open asking for your confirmation to uninstall XAMPP and all of its modules.
Finally, remove the lampp installation directory with below command.

 sudo rm –r /opt/lamp

Conclusion

After reading this article, you will be able install XAMPP on Ubuntu or Linux devices.

XAMPP allows you to set up a free development environment on your system. It is a set of tools that allows you to get your site up and running much easily & quickly. An alternative to installing and configuring individual components.

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Python - Arithmetic Operators

Vishnu Damwala — Tue, 25 May 2021 17:22:30 +0000

Python supports different arithmetic operators that can be used to performs mathematical calculations on the values and variables.

The basic arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.

Arithmetic operations are performed according to the order or precedence of operators.

The general structure of every expression

Every expression will follow this general structure

Operand Operator Operand [Operator Operand] ...

Operand represents data.
An operator is a symbol used to operate such as mathematical, logical or relational producing a final result.
For example, x + y where x and y are operands and + is an operator.
For example, a = 7 where, = is an operator and a and 7 are operands.

In this article, you will find Arithmetic operators provided by Dart.

Arithmetic operators

Basic mathematical calculations are performed on numeric values with the use of arithmetic operators.

Operator	Description	Example
`+`	Addition	`x + y`
`-`	Subtraction	`x - y`
`-expr`	Unary minus, aka negation (reverse the sign of the expression)	`-x`
`*`	Multiplication	`x * y`
`/`	Division (aka True division)	`x / y`
`//`	Divide, returning an integer result (aka Floor division)	`x // y`
`%`	Get the remainder of an integer division (modulo)	`x % y`
`**`	Exponential	`x ** y`

All of these listed operators are binary operators.
All these operators also follow the general structure of Operand Operator Operand, meaning that an operator is always surrounded by two operands.
The ** operator is evaluated first; then * , / , // , and % operators are evaluated next (from left to right); and the + and - operators are evaluated last (also from left to right).
To override the usual precedence, parentheses () comes handy.
For example, an expression x + y is a binary operation, where x and y are the two operands and + is an operator.

Addition (`+`)

The plus (+) is used for addition in the Python PL.

In [1]: 3 + 4
Out[1]: 7

Subtraction (`-`)

The minus or hyphen (-) is used for subtraction in the Python PL.

In [2]: 13 - 3
Out[2]: 10

Unary minus (`-`)

The minus or hyphen (-) is used as a unary minus operator in the Python PL.
The unary minus is used to show a negative number.
The unary minus - operator negates the value of an operand.

In [3]: -3
Out[3]: -3

Multiplication (`*`)

The asterisk (*) is used as a multiplication operator in the Python PL.

In [4]: 7 * 4
Out[4]: 28

Division (`/`)

The forward slash (/) is used as a division operator in the Python PL. Also known as True division.

In [5]: 24 / 4
Out[5]: 6.0

Floor Division (`//`)

The double forward slash (//) is used as a floor division operator in the Python PL. Also known as integer division operator.
This operator yields the highest integer, ignoring the decimal part. Yielded integer is not greater than the actual divided result.

In [6]: 11 / 4
Out[6]: 2.75

In [7]: 11 // 4
Out[7]: 2

On dividing 11 by 4 with / operator, the output obtained is 2.75. But by using // operator output obtained with the same values is 2 i.e not greater than the actual answer 2.75.

Modulus (`%`)

The percentage (%) is used as mod or remainder operator in the Python PL. Also known as MOD or Remainder operator.
It also works with floating-point values.

In [10]: 24 % 7
Out[10]: 3

In [11]: 24 % 3.5
Out[11]: 3.0

Exponential (`**`)

The double asterisk ** operator is used to perform the exponential operation in Python PL.

In [10]: 2 ** 5
Out[10]: 32

In [11]: 1.5 ** 5
Out[11]: 7.59375

Note: Python exponential operator ** works in the same way as the pow(a, b) function.

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Get Last Array Element in PHP and Laravel

Vishnu Damwala — Sun, 11 Apr 2021 08:06:43 +0000

Laravel provides the last() function as a global helper and also as a function defined in Illuminate\Support\Arr that can be used to get the last element in an array.

This article, guide through the different ways of retrieving the last array element in PHP also in Laravel. So you can decide which suits you best.

How to get the last item in the array?

Retrieve the last element in PHP

In PHP, to get the last element from an array, first, you need to count the total array elements

$languages = [
  'JAVA',
  'PHP',
  'C++',
  'C#',
  'Python',
];
$totalElements = count($languages);
echo $languages[$totalElements - 1];

Above code will output Python i.e the last element in a provided array.
It is a more readable approach, can also be rewritten in a single line as shown, which sometimes looks complex for beginners.

echo $languages[count($languages) - 1];

Python

Retrieve the last element in Laravel

In Laravel, you can get the last array element in two ways.

Using global last() helper.
Using the static method of Arr class named last().

Using global `last()` helper

The last() helper function returns the last element in the given array:

$carBrands = [
  'Maserati',
  'Tesla',
  'Tata',
  'Aston Martin',
  'Audi',
  'Alfa Romeo',
];
echo last($carBrands);

Above code will output Alfa Romeo i.e the last element in a provided array named $carBrands.

Using `last()` function in Arr class

The last() helper function returns the last element in the given array.
Before using it, remember to import using the use Illuminate\Support\Arr; statement.

Syntax

$last = Arr::last($array, $callback, $default);

The first parameter is a source array, from which the last element is to be found. It's a required parameter.
The second parameter is a callback function, that can be either helpful to filter & retrieve the last element based on conditions. It's an optional parameter.
The third parameter is a default value & it will be returned if none of the array elements passes the truth test.

$fruits = [
  'Orange 🍊',
  'Apple 🍎',
  'Grapes 🍇',
  'Kiwi 🥝',
  'Mango 🥭',
];

echo Arr::last($fruits);

Above code will output Mango 🥭 i.e the last element in a provided array named $fruits.

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Install Telegram on Ubuntu 20.04 or Ubuntu-based distributions

Vishnu Damwala — Thu, 25 Feb 2021 08:37:46 +0000

Telegram is a free instant messaging tool with a focus on simplicity, security, speed, and synced across all your devices.

Telegram can be used on all your devices simultaneously - with any number of your phones, tablets, or computers syncing your messages or files seamlessly.

Telegram allows you to share messages, photos, videos, and files of any type (doc, zip, mp3, etc) in a secured and safe manner.

Everything on Telegram is encrypted using a combination of 256-bit symmetric AES encryption, 2048-bit RSA encryption, and Diffie–Hellman secure key exchange including chats, groups, media, etc.

I've been using it for more than 5 years and saw it evolving. The telegram is a cross-platform, open-source, and powerful messaging app developed by Pavel Durov, Nikolai Durov and Axel Neff
. The repository for source code is available on GitHub.

Some of the supported available features

Telegram is so simple to use it.
The messages are self-destructing and encrypted heavily.
Share unlimited media in terms of number & size.
Completely customize your messenger.
Telegram has an open API.
Video & audio calling
Free and open-source
Drag and drop media
and many more.

In this article, we will see how to install this open-source messaging app in Ubuntu or Ubuntu-based distributions. Follow the same steps to install into other Ubuntu-based distributions:

Install Telegram

Telegram can be installed via the Snapcraft store as a snap package or with apt or via official tarball.

Method 1: Installing Telegram as a Snap Package

Canonical manages and distributes the Telegram snap package, the one behind Ubuntu.

Snap packages are secure & easy to upgrade. As Snaps are self-contained software packages. It includes all dependencies needed to run an application.

Snap packages can be installed either from the Ubuntu Software application or via command-line.

Via Terminal

Open your terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run the below command with sudo privileges

sudo snap install telegram-desktop

This command will install the latest Telegram and other dependencies too. The snap package will automatically update(in the background) whenever a new version of Telegram is released.

We can also install from Ubuntu Software, search for Telegram and install the application.

Method 2: Official Telegram Download

Telegram also provides you an official desktop application that can be downloaded from their official Telegram website. Or head over to Desktop App section which lets you download a Telegram desktop app installer that is supported on a variety of operating systems, including MAC, Android, Windows, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and many more.

Source: telegram.org

Click an official link below to download the tarball package for Linux distribution (including Ubuntu) which contains a standalone Telegram runtime and updater:

Download Telegram for Linux (64-bit .tar.xz)

Download Telegram for Linux (32-bit .tar.xz)

To run Telegram using archive package is easy. Extract the tar.xz archive, enter into the extracted folder, then double-click on the telegram binary inside to launch the app.

You can then follow the setup instructions wizard that appears on your screen.

Note: This method does not "install" the app on your system. But it will add a Telegram app shortcut to your system app launcher menu.

Do not delete the binary file. The shortcut is linked to this binary file

Method 3: Installing from official PPA using terminal

A PPA for Telegram is available for download. First, we need to add PPA to our system.

Open your terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run the below commands with sudo privileges.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/telegram
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -f telegram

Single line command

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/telegram &&\
sudo apt update &&\
sudo apt install -f telegram

This command will install the Telegram with other dependencies and fixes broken packages if any. It can be updated through the command-line or your Software Update tool

Run application

Once the installation is done, we can now run telegram from application launcher.

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Configure user name & email for Git profile using terminal

Vishnu Damwala — Thu, 11 Feb 2021 03:46:46 +0000

Git allows you to configure a global and per-project Git profile consisting of name and email address.

Git commands come handy when you want to set or change your git identity. Changes only affect future commits.

Set or update user name for local Git profile using terminal

The first thing you should do when you install Git is to set your name and email address.

This is important because every Git commit uses this information. By default this information will be used if none other specified.

And it's immutably baked into the commits you create.

Commands to configure Git user profile

git config --global user.name "your-name"
git config --global user.email "your-email"

The --global option will set your global commit name & email address.

Once done, verify that the information is configured by executing below command in terminal:

git config --list

Example

git config --global user.name "Jane Doe"

git config --global user.email "jane.doe@example.com"

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Headings in Markdown

Vishnu Damwala — Tue, 09 Feb 2021 17:00:33 +0000

Headings help to organize your content into an easy to read format. Heading shows the importance of your content specifying headings on a webpage. HTML has different heading tags to tell a web browser how to render content.

Markdown also has different levels of headings to structure your documents. Start lines with a # to create headings followed by word or phrase.

Always keep an empty single space between `#` and your content(word or phrase)

Level 1 Heading with Markdown

Above is an example for level 1 heading written with # Level 1 Heading which will be rendered by the browser as <h1>Level 1 Heading</h1>.

# Level 1 Heading

<h1>Level 1 Heading</h1>

Multiple ## in a row denotes smaller heading sizes.

Level 2 Heading with Markdown

Above is an example for level 2 heading written with ## Level 2 Heading which will be rendered by the browser as <h2>Level 2 Heading</h2>.

## Level 2 Heading

<h2>Level 2 Heading</h2>

In addition to heading helps improving accessibility for people who can’t easily read screens and also improves general structure and readability.

Heading for visually impaired readers

Visually impaired readers use a screen reader to read the text on a screen aloud for them. Headings rendered as HTML heading tags. So by reading or listening to the headings in content, visually impaired readers can get the gist of an article and decide if they’d like to continue reading it.

Screen readers also allow you to navigate through articles by traversing to the headings. So when your content has good descriptive headings, the readability and navigation for visually impaired readers are improved.

This is a level 2 heading improving SEO

The heading also improves SEO for your content as the search engine examines & indexes search results based on keywords usage in headings.

Markdown	HTML
`# Heading level 1`	`<h1>Heading level 1</h1>`
`## Heading level 2`	`<h2>Heading level 2</h2>`
`### Heading level 3`	`<h3>Heading level 3</h3>`
`#### Heading level 4`	`<h4>Heading level 4</h4>`
`##### Heading level 5`	`<h5>Heading level 5</h5>`
`###### Heading level 6`	`<h6>Heading level 6</h6>`

You can use one # all the way up to ###### six for different heading levels.

Six different levels of heading styles supported by Markdown, improving accessibility & SEO.

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How to find the length of a string using strlen in C

Vishnu Damwala — Tue, 02 Feb 2021 16:54:34 +0000

A tutorial for finding the length of a string using strlen in C - language

The strlen() function counts the number of characters in a given string and returns the long unsigned integer value.
It is defined in C standard library, within <string.h> header file.

char saying[] = "Better late than never";
strlen(saying);

It stops counting when the null character is encounter. Because in C, null character is considered as the end of the string.

Working example

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    char planet[] = "Earth";

    printf("\n Using strlen for planet without null character: %zu", strlen(planet));
    printf("\n Using sizeof for planet with null character: %zu", sizeof(planet));

    return 0;
}

Output

Using strlen for planet without null character: 5
Using sizeof for planet with null character: 6

Note that the strlen() function doesn't count for the null character \0 whereas sizeof() function does.

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Laravel's Eloquent whereTime() filtering method

Vishnu Damwala — Fri, 29 Jan 2021 07:16:25 +0000

Laravel provides many additional methods other than standard methods. You might be familiar with where(), orWhere(), whereJsonContains() or whereJsonLength(). And these additional methods are worth checking.

In this article, we will see whereTime(), one of the supplementary methods that comes in handy when you want to compare the table's field value with a specific time.

`whereTime()`

The whereTime() method helps to get records matching the specific time.

Sytnax

whereTime('fieldName', 'operator', 'time');

The first parameter is fieldName with which a comparison is to be done.
The second parameter is an operator for comparison, such as =, <>, >, >=, < or <=.
The third parameter is a time for comparison in HH:MM:SS.

Example

$users = User::whereTime('login_at', '11:12:31')->get();

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Convert array to an object in JavaScript

Vishnu Damwala — Thu, 21 Jan 2021 17:01:57 +0000

During development we often came across a need of conversion an array to an object.

In this article, lets see how to convert, JavaScript array to an object quickly using widely popular and accepted spread operator (...).

Example

var fruits = ["apple", "grapes", "mangoe", "orange"];
var fruitsObject = { ...fruits };
console.table(fruitsObject);

Output for `console.table`

(index)	Value
0	"apple"
1	"grapes"
2	"mango"
3	"orange"

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Dart - Relational Operators

Vishnu Damwala — Thu, 21 Jan 2021 05:48:39 +0000

Dart provides operators that can be used to check the relationship between values or values within variables also known as operands.

All relational operators, less than(<), less than or equal to(<=), greater than(>), greater than and equal to(>=) gives resultant value in boolean i.e either true or false after evaluation.

In this article, you will find Relational operators provided by Dart.

Relational operators

All of these relational operators are binary operators.

Operator	Description	Example
`<`	Less than	`x == y`
`<=`	Less than or equal to	`x != y`
`>`	Greater than	`x == y`
`>=`	Greater than or equal to	`x != y`

main() {
  // create variables
  int a = 10, b = 12;

  // value of a and b
  print('Value of a is $a and b is $b');

  // > operator
  print(a > b); // false

  // < operator
  print(a < b); // true

  // >= operator
  print(a >= b); // false

  // <= operator
  print(a <= b); // true
}

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Forem: Vishnu Damwala

Constructor in JAVA

What is a Constructor?

Example 1: Java constructor

Constructor in JAVA

Types of Constructor

No-Arguments Constructor

Example 2: Java No-argument constructor

Example 2 Output

Parameterized Constructor

Example 3: Java Parameterized Constructor

Example 3 Output

Default Constructor

Example 4: Java Default Constructor

Example 4 Output

Dart - Comments

Single-line comments in Dart

Multi-line comments in Dart

Single-line Doc comments in Dart

Multi-line Doc comments in Dart

Install XAMPP on Ubuntu

Install XAMPP on Ubuntu or Ubuntu-based Distros

Download the XAMPP installer

Run the XAMPP installer

Install supporting package

Start, Stop & Restart Server

Start, Stop & Restart Server via command line aka CLI

Start, Stop & Restart Server via Graphical User Interface aka GUI

Create alias or shortcuts for commands for Bash Shell

Creating a launcher icon

Uninstall XAMPP

Conclusion

Python - Arithmetic Operators

The general structure of every expression

Arithmetic operators

Addition (+)

Subtraction (-)

Unary minus (-)

Multiplication (*)

Division (/)

Floor Division (//)

Modulus (%)

Exponential (**)

Get Last Array Element in PHP and Laravel

How to get the last item in the array?

Retrieve the last element in PHP

Retrieve the last element in Laravel

Using global last() helper

Using last() function in Arr class

Syntax

Install Telegram on Ubuntu 20.04 or Ubuntu-based distributions

Some of the supported available features

Install Telegram

Method 1: Installing Telegram as a Snap Package

Via Terminal

Method 2: Official Telegram Download

Download Telegram for Linux (64-bit .tar.xz)

Download Telegram for Linux (32-bit .tar.xz)

Do not delete the binary file. The shortcut is linked to this binary file

Method 3: Installing from official PPA using terminal

Single line command

Run application

Configure user name & email for Git profile using terminal

Set or update user name for local Git profile using terminal

Commands to configure Git user profile

Example

Headings in Markdown

Always keep an empty single space between # and your content(word or phrase)

Level 1 Heading with Markdown

Level 2 Heading with Markdown

Heading for visually impaired readers

This is a level 2 heading improving SEO

How to find the length of a string using strlen in C

Working example

Output

Laravel's Eloquent whereTime() filtering method

whereTime()

Sytnax

Example

Convert array to an object in JavaScript

Addition (`+`)

Subtraction (`-`)

Unary minus (`-`)

Multiplication (`*`)

Division (`/`)

Floor Division (`//`)

Modulus (`%`)

Exponential (`**`)

Using global `last()` helper

Using `last()` function in Arr class

Always keep an empty single space between `#` and your content(word or phrase)

`whereTime()`

Output for `console.table`