Telegram Web App with React and Next.js

Alexey Nikolaev — Sun, 06 Nov 2022 15:09:58 +0000

One of the recent Telegram updates finally brought full power of web apps right into Telegram messenger. It means that from now on any dev can embed an MMO game, a ticket store or any other app inside built-it Telegram browser and make it available for 700 millions of users. There is no limits, it's fully functional browser inside messenger.

Telegram Web App API provides user information, theme scheme, haptic feedback (only on mobile/laptop devices), access to video and audio streams. You can check this bot test all possibilities and see what information is provided to web app -- https://t.me/asmico_attach_bot

In order to build you own web app for Telegram with React and Next.js you'll need to get information from the app. I'd like to share some code snippets and tips that you can copy-paste and use for a quicker start.

As a first step let's add types to know what data is available for you:

// types.ts
export interface ITelegramUser {
  id: number;
  first_name: string;
  last_name: string;
  username: string;
  language_code: string;
}

export interface IWebApp {
  initData: string;
  initDataUnsafe: {
    query_id: string;
    user: ITelegramUser;
    auth_date: string;
    hash: string;
  };
  version: string;
  platform: string;
  colorScheme: string;
  themeParams: {
    link_color: string;
    button_color: string;
    button_text_color: string;
    secondary_bg_color: string;
    hint_color: string;
    bg_color: string;
    text_color: string;
  };
  isExpanded: boolean;
  viewportHeight: number;
  viewportStableHeight: number;
  isClosingConfirmationEnabled: boolean;
  headerColor: string;
  backgroundColor: string;
  BackButton: {
    isVisible: boolean;
  };
  MainButton: {
    text: string;
    color: string;
    textColor: string;
    isVisible: boolean;
    isProgressVisible: boolean;
    isActive: boolean;
  };
  HapticFeedback: any;
}

As a next step, let's create a context provider and custom hook for Telegram Web App data:

// TelegramProvider
import Script from "next/script";
import { createContext, useContext, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
import type { ITelegramUser, IWebApp } from "types";

export interface ITelegramContext {
  webApp?: IWebApp;
  user?: ITelegramUser;
}

export const TelegramContext = createContext<ITelegramContext>({});

export const TelegramProvider = ({
  children,
}: {
  children: React.ReactNode;
}) => {
  const [webApp, setWebApp] = useState<IWebApp | null>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    const app = (window as any).Telegram?.WebApp;
    if (app) {
      app.ready();
      setWebApp(app);
    }
  }, []);

  const value = useMemo(() => {
    return webApp
      ? {
          webApp,
          unsafeData: webApp.initDataUnsafe,
          user: webApp.initDataUnsafe.user,
        }
      : {};
  }, [webApp]);

  return (
    <TelegramContext.Provider value={value}>
      {/* Make sure to include script tag with "beforeInteractive" strategy to pre-load web-app script */}
      <Script
        src="https://telegram.org/js/telegram-web-app.js"
        strategy="beforeInteractive"
      />      {children}
    </TelegramContext.Provider>
  );
};

export const useTelegram = () => useContext(TelegramContext);

As a final step let's use it for our test WebApp page:

// pages/webapp.tsx
import { TelegramProvider, useTelegram } from "lib/TelegramProvider";

const WebApp = () => {
  const { user, webApp } = useTelegram();
  console.log(user);

  return (
    <div>
      {user ? (
        <div>
          <h1>Welcome {user?.username}</h1>
          User data:
          <pre>{JSON.stringify(user, null, 2)}</pre>
          Eniter Web App data:
          <pre>{JSON.stringify(webApp, null, 2)}</pre>
        </div>
      ) : (
        <div>Make sure web app is opened from telegram client</div>
      )}
    </div>
  );
};

const WithTelegramProvider = () => {
  return (
    <TelegramProvider>
      <WebApp />
    </TelegramProvider>
  );
};

or make it available globally by providing Telegram context on the top level at _app.tsx

// _app.tsx
import { TelegramProvider } from "lib/TelegramProvider";
import type { AppProps } from "next/app";

function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }: AppProps) {
  return (
    <TelegramProvider>
      <Component {...pageProps} />
    </TelegramProvider>
  );
}

export default MyApp;

That's it! Happy hacking 🔥
Learn more about Telegram Web Apps on their website: https://core.telegram.org/bots/webapps

Forem: Alexey Nikolaev

Telegram Web App with React and Next.js